1. Professor Michael J. Losacco CIS 1150 – Introduction to Computer Information Systems Secondary Storage Chapter 7

2. Chapter7 2/19 Overview Discuss Secondary Storage Characteristics Describe Hard Drive Parts Compare Internal And External Hard Drives Discuss Performance Enhancements Define Optical Storage Define Solid-state Storage Define Cloud Storage And Cloud Services Discuss Mass Storage

3. Chapter7 3/19 Storage Primary Storage Volatile Temporary e.g., RAM Secondary Storage Nonvolatile Permanent

4. Chapter7 4/19 Storage Secondary Storage Characteristics Media Physical Material that Holds Data and Programs Devices Read or Write to or from Media Access Speed Time Required to Read Data and Programs

5. Chapter7 5/19 Storage Secondary Storage Characteristics Capacity

6. Chapter7 6/19 Storage A: Always Primary Floppy Drive B: Secondary Floppy If It Exists C: Always Primary Hard Drive D:, E:, F:, Etc. Next Available Drive Hard drive CD-ROM DVD USB Network

7. Chapter7 7/19 Hard Disks Main Storage for System Unit Stores Data Using Magnetic Charges Positive / Negative Charges Represent Bits Sealed in Airtight Case Media Rigid Metallic Platter

8. Chapter7 8/19 Hard Disks Platter Tracks Rings of Concentric Circles Sector Wedge-shaped Sections Cylinder Vertically Passes Through Stack of Platters

9. Chapter7 9/19 Hard Disks Head Crash Spinning Creates Air Cushion Floats Read / Write Head Above Platter Crash Head Contacts Surface Clearance = 0.000001

10. Chapter7 10/19 Hard Disks Internal OS Major Applications External Connect Via USB Protect or Secure Sensitive Information Back Up Internal Hard Disk Contents Providing Additional Hard Disk Capacity

11. Chapter7 11/19 Hard Disks Performance Enhancements Disk Caching Performed During Idle Processing Time Frequently Used Data Read into RAM Cache RAID (Redundant Arrays of Independent Disks) Several Hard Disks Treated as a Large-capacity Drive Fast Access Speed High Reliability File Compression Reduce Space Required to Store Data and Programs

12. Chapter7 12/19 Optical Discs Laser and Reflected Light Represent Data Mechanics

13. Chapter7 13/19 Optical Discs CD (Compact Disc) DVD (Digital Video Disc) BD (Blu-ray Disc) Formats -ROM -R -RW, -RE

14. Chapter7 14/19 Optical Discs Storage CD 700MB DVD / BD Two Sides Can be Used Two Layers of Pits Can be Used Lower Layer is Semitransparent

15. Chapter7 15/19 Solid-State Storage Solid–state drives (SSDs) No Moving Parts, Fast, Durable Flash Memory Cards USB Drives (or Flash Drives) Connect to USB Port

16. Chapter7 16/19 Cloud Computing Internet Service Provides Storage to Computer Users Benefits Access Files From Any Computer Allow Others to Access Their Files Store Offsite Backups Google Apps Dropbox Office 365

17. Chapter7 17/19 Mass Storage Devices Enterprise Storage System File Servers Networked Attached Storage (NAS) RAID Systems Tape Libraries Organizational Cloud Storage

18. Chapter7 18/19 Mass Storage Devices Storage Area Network (SAN) Architecture to Link to Remote Storage Users Computer Provides File System SAN Provides Disk Space Requires High-speed Network Special File System

19. Chapter7 19/19 Careers in IT Disaster Recovery Specialist Recovering Systems and Data After a Disaster Create Plans to Prevent / Prepare For Disasters Bachelor's Degree in Computer Science Skills in Networking, Security, and Database Administration Good Communication Skills Able to Handle High-stress Situations Annual Salary of $70,000 - $103,000