1. Japan

2. Japan: the basics Area Population constitutional monarchy
Germany < Japan < California
Population
127 million (> 3 times California’s)
life expectancy: 84 (88 for female)
1/4 are 65 or older
constitutional monarchy

3. Japan in history Oldest continuous monarchy
feudal rule under shogun ( )
U.S. Commodore Matthew Perry
forced Japan to open to trade (1853)
Meiji Restoration (1868)
centralized government under Emperor
industrialization and trade

4. Japan in World War II
Invasion and annexation of Northeast China (Manchuria) ( )
full-scale aggression in China ( )
alliance with Nazi and fascists (1940)
Pacific War ( )
every country and colony in East and Southeast Asia was invaded

7. The Occupation
Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers (SCAP) - General Douglas MacArthur
Two main tasks:
demilitarization
democratization

8. Demilitarization Purged almost all wartime officers and politicians
Disbanded almost all militaristic associations and parties
Prosecuted almost all war criminals
The issue of Yasukuni Shrine
Dismantled almost all war industries

9. War Criminals Yasukuni Shrine was built in Meiji 2 (1869)
Japan’s Pacific War criminals have been worshiped in it since 1978
Strong protests from other Asian countries

10. The "Peace Clause" Article 9 in the 1947 constitution:
“the Japanese people forever renounce war as a sovereign right of the nation and the threat or use of force as means of settling international disputes
“land, sea, and air forces, as well as other war potential, will never be maintained”

11. Korean War (1950 - 1953) Economic turning point for Japan:
war supplies to Korea
industrial resurgence
foreign currency
growth rate: 9.4%
growth rate: 10.9%
1952 Japan’s GDP matched prewar high

12. Korean War (1950 - 1953) Political turning point for Japan
U.S. started to regard Japan as a vital link in the “arc of containment” against communism
Demilitarization gave way to reconstituting a military force
Self-Defense Force

13. U.S. Strategic Change
General peace treaty in San Francisco in September 1951
China and Soviet Union were excluded
formally ended the Occupation in 1952
U.S.-Japan Mutual Security Treaty
U.S. troops and military base in Japan

14. “Arc of Containment”

15. Japan’s Economic Growth

16. High Growth of 1955-1962 Large investment in heavy industry
Imports of energy and raw materials
Government’s economic goals:
achieve economic self-sufficiency
achieve full employment
improve export competitiveness
keep domestic demand high

17. High Growth of 1963-1973 Government’s “doubling income” plan
Large-scale infrastructure construction
Labor-intensive to capital-intensive
Technological improvement and facility modernization under government protection
Aggressive export strategy
Businesses compete with foreign counterparts under government protection

20. Bubble burst

21. More shocks in 1990s
Large and rising government deficit and public debt (now more than 200% of GDP)
Aging population (median age now at 46)
Banking crises and non-performing loans
Asian financial crisis ( )
“Hollowing out” of industry
Natural disasters and terrorist attacks

22. Japan’s trade partners 2012

23. Japanese Ties to Mississippi
Japanese foreign direct investment creates more jobs in Mississippi than FDI from any other country.
Approximately 9,700 Mississippians are employed by Japanese companies.
More than 650 Japanese citizens live in Mississippi.
Major Japanese corporations across Miss.