1. Pushes and Pulls Affect Motion
Kindergarten
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2. Content Topics Connection of motion to pushes and pulls
Inertia versus force
Force, mass, and motion

3. Pushes & Pulls We call a push or pull a force.
Forces can cause a change in motion.

5. Motion A push will cause motion. A pull will cause motion.
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6. Changes in Motion Changes in motion may be any of the following.
Slowing down
Speeding up
Stopping
Going
Changing direction
Jumping
Falling

7. Practice What can cause the change motion?
What is an example of this happening?
Slowing down Using your muscles or a brake, to move slower
Speeding up Running faster, peddling faster
Stopping Using your muscles or a brake to stop
Going Walking, running, riding
Changing direction Turning, going in a circle, jumping up and falling down
Jumping Moving up away from the ground
Falling Moving down toward the ground

8. Corners
There is a change in direction, a change in motion, when a car goes through a corner.
How does the change in motion happen?
Turning the wheel, the road pushing

9. Inertia
Objects will keep their motion unless they are forced to change.
If a ball is at rest, it will not move on its own.
If a ball is in motion, it will not stop on its own.

10. Inertia and Mass Inertia depends on mass. More mass  More inertia
 Harder to change motion

11. Practice Will the toy cars move by themselves?
No, the cars need a push or a pull to move

12. Forces Forces make an object move differently.
Stronger forces cause bigger changes in motion.
F = ma
F = force (push or pull)
m = mass (the amount of material contained in the object)
a = acceleration (change in speed or direction, change in motion)

13. More Force  More Change
The harder you push on the peddles, the faster your bike goes.
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14. More Force  More Change
The harder you kick the soccer ball, the farther it goes.
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15. More Force  More Change
The stronger your pull is on the wagon, the faster it will go.
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16. A strong push will move the ice block more.
Practice
Will a gentle push or a strong push move the ice block more?
A strong push will move the ice block more.
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17. Newton’s 3rd Law of Motion
When two objects interact, they create equal and opposite forces on each other.
Same Pull
Opposite Directions
F1 = −F2
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18. Same Force If the pushes are the same, the motion will not change.
Person at rest stays at rest.
If the pulls are the same, the motion will not change.
The pull of the wagon is the same as the pull of the person.
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19. Practice
Two people give the same amount of push to toy cars. One toy car is heavier than the other. Which toy car travels farther?
The lighter toy car will travel farther if the push on each is the same.
You and your friend each kick a soccer ball. Your ball travels farther. Which ball had the stronger push?
Your ball had the stronger push because it went farther.

20. More Practice
One person sits in a wagon that is stopped. What needs to happen to change the motion of the wagon?
Someone needs to pull or push the wagon for it to start moving.
Your marble is about to roll off the table, how can you change the direction of the marble without stopping it?
Use something to make the marble turn a corner, or bounce off a barrier and change direction.

21. Gaming Practice
You want to make your person in the video move to the right. What do you need to do to the game controller?
You need to push the control knob the direction you want to make something in the game move.