1. Animal Control Systems

2. Endocrine System

3. Human Central Nervous System
The body’s fastest method for controlling body systems

4. Brain Fig. 49-4 Fig. 49-2 Figure 49.2 Nervous system organization
Eyespot
Brain
Brain
Radial
nerve
Nerve
cords
Nerve
ring
Ventral
nerve
cord
Transverse
nerve
Nerve net
Segmental
ganglia
(a) Hydra (cnidarian)
(b) Sea star (echinoderm)
(c) Planarian (flatworm)
(d) Leech (annelid)
Brain
Brain
Ganglia
Ventral
nerve cord
Anterior
nerve ring
Brain
Spinal
cord
(dorsal
nerve
cord)
Sensory
ganglia
Longitudinal
nerve cords
Figure 49.2 Nervous system organization
Ganglia
Segmental
ganglia
(e) Insect (arthropod)
(f) Chiton (mollusc)
(g) Squid (mollusc)
(h) Salamander (vertebrate)

5. Central nervous system (CNS) Peripheral nervous system (PNS) Brain
Fig. 49-4
Central nervous
system (CNS)
Peripheral nervous
system (PNS)
Brain
Cranial
nerves
Spinal cord
Ganglia
outside
CNS
Spinal
nerves

6. Cell body of Gray sensory neuron in matter dorsal root ganglion
Fig. 49-3
Cell body of
sensory neuron in
dorsal root
ganglion
Gray
matter
Quadriceps
muscle
White
matter
Hamstring
muscle
Figure 49.3 The knee-jerk reflex
Spinal cord
(cross section)
Sensory neuron
Motor neuron
Interneuron

7. Organization of the Nervous System
Figure 7.1

8. CNS PNS Efferent neurons Afferent (sensory) neurons Motor system
Fig
CNS
PNS
Efferent
neurons
Afferent
(sensory) neurons
Motor
system
Autonomic
nervous system
Hearing
Sympathetic
division
Parasympathetic
division
Enteric
division
Locomotion
Figure 49.7 Functional hierarchy of the vertebrate peripheral nervous system
Hormone
action
Gas exchange
Circulation
Digestion