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Current state of experimental imaging modalities for risk assessment of abdominal aortic aneurysm
Ruben V.C. Buijs, BSc, Tineke P. Willems, MD, PhD, René A. Tio, MD, PhD, Hendrikus H. Boersma, PharmD, PhD, Ignace F.J. Tielliu, MD, PhD, Riemer H.J.A. Slart, MD, PhD, Clark J. Zeebregts, MD, PhD Journal of Vascular Surgery Volume 57, Issue 3, Pages (March 2013) DOI: /j.jvs Copyright © 2013 Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions
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Fig 1 Computational wall stress and rupture risk assessment in an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). A three-dimensional model is recreated from raw computed tomography (CT) data. Wall stress is measured quantitatively and translated to a color gradient. Blue, green, and red portray low, intermediate, and high wall stress respectively.14 (Reprinted with permission from Elsevier.) Journal of Vascular Surgery , DOI: ( /j.jvs ) Copyright © 2013 Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions
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Fig 2 A male patient with impending rupture of an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Bleeding into the intraluminal thrombus is portrayed in unenhanced (A) and contrast-enhanced (B) axial computed tomography (CT) images as a crescentic form with hyperattenuation (arrow in A).40 (Reprinted with kind permission of D. Rakita, Department of Radiology, Division of Body Imaging, Long Island Jewish Medical Center.) Journal of Vascular Surgery , DOI: ( /j.jvs ) Copyright © 2013 Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions
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Fig 3 Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) images from computed tomography (CT) (A and B) and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) (C and D). The arrows show how a region with high FDG uptake in the PET image coincides with a mural thrombus in the CT image.41 (Reprinted with permission from Elsevier.) Journal of Vascular Surgery , DOI: ( /j.jvs ) Copyright © 2013 Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions
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Fig 4 A T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) image (A) and T1-weighted MRI image after gadolinium pentetic acid infusion (B) of an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) with intraluminal thrombus shows three distinct layers. These components were confirmed by histopathology (C). The fibrous cap contained high numbers (120 white blood cells/hpf) of polymorphonuclear leukocytes, as was seen using high power field microscopy (D).30 (Reprinted with permission from Elsevier.) Journal of Vascular Surgery , DOI: ( /j.jvs ) Copyright © 2013 Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions
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Fig 5 A female patient with a symptomatic nonruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Calcification was found along the complete circumference of the vessel. The high-density signal is distinctly visible in spite of the contrast agent in the lumen. Journal of Vascular Surgery , DOI: ( /j.jvs ) Copyright © 2013 Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions
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