1. The Cell Cycle

2. Interphase 90% of the cell’s life Cells grow and copy DNA
3 phases (G=growth)
G1 phase-cell grows
S phase-DNA synthesis
G2 phase-cell grows and prepares to divide
M phase-mitosis

3. Mitosis PMAT The division of the nucleus to make two new cells
Occurs in 4 steps
PMAT
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase

4. Prophase Chromosomes coil and become chromatids
Chromatids are visible and the nuclear membrane disintegrates

5. Metaphase
Chromatids line up across the center of the cell and the spindle fibers attach to the centromeres

6. Anaphase
Each Chromatid separates at the centromere and is pulled apart be the spindle fibers

7. Telophase
Spindle Fibers disappear, chromosomes uncoil, and a new nucleus forms

8. Key Vocabulary Chromosome Chromatid Centromere Centriole
The structure in the nucleus that contains hereditary material.
Chromatid
An Identical copy of part of a chromosome (sister chromatids)
Centromere
The point where the sister chromatids are held together
Centriole
The structure that sends out the spindle fibers during mitosis

9. Key Vocabulary continued
Spindle Fiber
The “string” that pulls the chromatids apart
Mutation
Any permanent change in the DNA sequence of a gene or chromosome of a cell
Diploid
2 of each chromosome are present in a cell
Haploid
1 of each chromosome is present in a cell
Meiosis
Reproductive process that produces a 4 haploid cell