1. 1 mV

3. Barbiturates
Benzodiazepines
Alcohol
General Anesthetics
familial startle syndrome

4. Chem.
driving
force
Elec.
driving
force

6. Rasmussen’s Encephalatis
AMPA Receptor
Kainate Receptor

7. Glutamate receptor excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs)+ Vc
Postsynaptic Neuron
Presynaptic
glutamatergic Neuron
Glutamate receptor excitatory
postsynaptic currents (EPSCs)
AMPAR EPSC
NMDAR EPSC
Vm = -35 mV
AMPAR EPSC
NMDAR EPSC
Vm = -70 mV

8. Hippocampal long-term potentiation

10. ionotropic receptors
metabotropic receptors
Effector

11. Ionotropic receptor synaptic actions
Metabotropic receptor synaptic actions
Direct
Indirect
slower ( s)
fast (ms)
open or close channels
open synaptic channels
resting channels,
voltage-gated channels,
fast synaptic channels
channels only at synapse
modulate excitability
excite or inhibit AP

12. ACh
closure
PIP2
PLC Gq
IP3
DAG
Ca release
Protein kinase C

13. 1.5 nA 1. Slow EPSP 2. Decrease in slow delayed rectifier K current
1. Decrease in resting outward K current
1. Slow EPSP