1. Monitoring and Evaluation for Poverty Reduction
Forum on National Plans as Poverty Reduction Strategies in East Asia 4-6 April, Vientiane, Lao PDR
Sharad Bhandari
Asian Development Bank

2. Outline of Presentation
I. Why M&E
II. Some examples of outcome indicators
III. Examples of data and sources
IV. Some basics for a good M&E system
V. M&E in the Mekong sub-region

3. I. Why M&E Impact Outcomes Outputs Activities Inputs The Results Chain
Indicative Example:
Outcomes
Impact
Outputs
Activities
Inputs
Effects on dimensions of well-being
Improve literacy
Access to, use of, and satisfaction with services
School enrollment rates
Goods and services produced
Number of schools built; textbooks, etc.
Tasks undertaken to transform inputs to outputs
Building of schools Distribution of textbooks, etc.
Financial, human and material resources
Spending on primary education
Source: Adapted from ADB (2006) Introduction to Results Management, p. 7
World Bank (2001) PRSP Sourcebook, p. 108.

4. III. Some examples of outcome indicators
Improved road network
% of roads in good condition; average travel time
Improved public sector performance
% of population satisfied with public services; tax collection (% of GDP)
Improved health services
Utilization rate of healthcare centers
Increased tourism
Number of tourists visiting the region
Source: ADB Practice Note on Results-based Country Strategies and Programs, Annex 2.

5. III. Examples of data and sources…
Type
Indicator
Instrument
Agency
Level
Input
Public expenditures by category
Budget documents; actual expenditure data; expenditure tracking surveys
Ministries of finance and planning; sectoral ministries; auditing agencies
National and various sub-national levels
Output
Outputs from public expenditure: infrastructure and services
Administrative records and management information systems (MIS)
Sectoral ministries; project implementation units; local administrations
National and various sub-national levels; facilities (schools, clinics, etc)
Source: Excerpt from World Bank, PRSP Sourcebook, Ch3 Table 3.2

6. III. ….Examples of data and sources
Type
Indicator
Instrument
Agency
Level
Outcome
Access to, use of, and satisfaction with service
Quick monitoring surveys; multi-topic household surveys; qualitative studies
National statistical agency; local service providers
Households and individuals; facilities (schools, clinics, etc)
Impact
Household consumption and income; living standards; social indicators; perception of well-being
Household budget/expenditure/income surveys; Single-topic surveys (e.g. labor force surveys); multi-topic household surveys; qualitative studies
National statistical agency
Households, individuals, communities
Source: Excerpt from World Bank, PRSP Sourcebook, Ch3 Table 3.2

7. III. Some basics for a good M&E system…..
In addition to technical requirement of M&E, the institutional side is equally important
Effective coordination among agencies involved in M&E essential

8. III. ….Some basics for a good M&E system
Participation of stakeholders – promotes learning, nurtures demand and ownership, lends credibility to M&E process
Capacity building for M&E – especially at sub-national levels; build on existing systems
Feedback mechanisms/dissemination

9. IV. M&E in Mekong sub-region
Cambodia, Lao PDR, and Viet Nam have started the process of building sound M&E systems: at varying stages
Like all worthy tasks, building workable M&E systems is challenging, but it is necessary to improve performance and realize national goals

10. Thank You.