1. REVISION
2 Basement 1

2. What are the issues arising during excavation works?
What are you going to find during excavation
Temporary/permanent soil support
Keeping the water out!
What are you going to find when you start excavating – hazardous materials, archaeological findings, or dead bodies! (of course you take borings to investigate the soil but you only take few and you really don’t know what you will find until you actually excavate!)
Falcon’s operatives were shocked to come across a wooden box which contained what was instantly recognised as human remains. Because the coffin had been located internally, it was relatively intact, but disintegrated during excavation due to the moist ground conditions.
2. Securing the structure in place (water and weight of the soil)

5. Past Exam Papers Aug 2010

6. Dec 2010

7. Aug 2011

8. Dec 2011
Aug 2012

9. Dec 2013

10. Aug 2014

12. Answer Guideline
Dec 2009

14. Different basement types Sketch details
2- Basements •
Purpose of Basements
Different basement types
Sketch details
Compare and contrast Technologies
Waterproofing Details
Shoring requirements 12

15. 2- Basements Shoring Systems for Basements: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
Open Excavation (Temporary)
Sheet Piles (Temporary)
H Steel Beams (Temporary)
Contiguous Piles (Permanent)
Secant Piles (Permanent)
Stent Wall Piles (Permanent
Diaphragm Walls (Permanent)
- You should describe how the chosen approach works and must
explain the construction process, including shoring, ground anchors
and associated issues.
- Where sketches are offered, they will generally enhance the quality
of the answer. 13

16. Examples of Sketches Diaphragm Walls