1. 1 Ben Bahlenhorst Zheng Fu Joe Hill Ian Laird Long Nguyen Binh Phan

2. Introduction Smog-Eating Tiles: Compostable tiles created by Boral that absorb smog in areas that harbor large quantities of inhabitants 2 Purpose: inform the reader about the costs and benefits of smog-eating tiles in areas that have high levels of smog Benefits the environment, and human health in densely populated metropolises

3. How They Work Tiles are coated with titanium dioxide In sunlight, the titanium dioxide reacts with the nitrogen oxides, which breaks them down into calcium nitrate: TiO2 + NOx + Sunlight = Ca(NO3)2 Calcium nitrates do not harm human health. These substance are left on tiles, and washed off when it rains 3

4. How They Work 4

5. Costs Initial costs average about 25% more than traditional tiles Installation costs do not differ from traditional tiles Removal costs are also the same, but transportation to a recycling facility add additional costs 5

6. Subsidize Local government should provide tax cuts to those who purchase smog eating roofs A tax on traditional roof tiles and maintenance will pay for the tax incentive This makes smog eating tiles the cheaper option 6

7. Benefits Reduced smog pollution in densely populated areas Nitrates: great for surrounding plant life Keeps homes warm in the winter and cool in the summer Human health will increase considerably 7

8. Lifespan Compostable materials are durable Tiles last for an average of 25 years before they need to be replaced Half as long as traditional tile life 8

9. Disposal Need to be replaced just as wood or asphalt However, concrete tiles are replaced less often They will not clog landfills like other roofing materials Tiles can be recycled and made into new tiles, or infrastructure They benefit the environment 9

10. Conclusion Benefits outweigh the costs Smog level reduction creates a healthier environment and inhabitants Tiles reduce home heating and cooling costs Recyclable tiles mitigate the amount of landfill waste 10

11. Questions? 11

12. Works Cited Benefits of concrete roofing tile recycling. (2008, October 20). Retrieved from http://www.boralna.com/rooftiles/concrete-recycling- benefits.asp Emission Standards Reference Guide. Retrieved from http://www.epa.gov/otaq/standards/light-duty/ld-cff.htm Levinson, R. (2007). Cooler tile-roofed buildings with near-infrared-reflective non-white coatings. Building and Environment, 42(7), doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2006.06.005 Palmer, J. (2011, November 12). 'smog-eating' material breaking into the big time. Retrieved from http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science- environment-15694973 Peters, J. (2011, February 1). Los angeles homes going green with smog-eating roof tiles. Retrieved from http://www.homejane.com/los-angeles- homes-going-green-with-smog-eating-roof-tiles.html Renowden, J. (2012, July 19). Smog-eating tile: A real-world product for reducing the harmful health effects of contaminated air. Retrieved from http://www.rci-online.org/interface/2012-01-renowden.pdf Renowden, J. (2011, July 12). Smog eating tile with boralpure technology. Retrieved from http://www.boralna.com/rooftiles/smog-eating- tile.asp Titanium dioxide used to reduce no levels in. (2011, April 1). Retrieved from http://ehis.ebscohost.com/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=c3a3e876-00b6-4abf-a84f-bb2444cfe6a4@sessionmgr10&vid=2&hid=5 Verwymeren, A. (2011, September 12). Smog-eating tiles may make pollution a thing of the past. Retrieved from http://www.networx.com/article/smog-eating-tiles-may-make-pollution-a-t What is photocatalyst. (2012). Retrieved from http://www.photocoat.com/What_is_Photocatalyst.html 12