1. Mitral valve replacement in patients with severely calcified mitral valve annulus: Surgical technique 
Tomislav Mihaljevic, MD, Marijan Koprivanac, MD, Marta Kelava, MD, Nicholas G. Smedira, MD, Bruce W. Lytle, MD, Eugene H. Blackstone, MD 
The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 
Volume 146, Issue 1, Pages (July 2013)
DOI: /j.jtcvs
Copyright © 2013 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

2. Figure 1
Mitral annular calcification before and after decalcification. A, Preoperative chest radiograph with visible mitral annular calcification (circle). B, Postoperative chest radiograph. C and D, En bloc excised mitral annulus with posterior leaflet.
The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.jtcvs )
Copyright © 2013 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions

3. Figure 2
Surgical technique. A, Sharp en bloc decalcification. B, Patch parachuting. C, Patch attachment. D, Completed procedure.
The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery  , DOI: ( /j.jtcvs )
Copyright © 2013 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery Terms and Conditions