1. Cell Structure and Function
Unit One
Biology 30

2. Cell Facts
The average human being is composed of around 100 Trillion individual cells!
It would take as many as 50 cells to cover the area of a dot on this letter “i”

3. Why start with cells? Biology- the study of life
“being composed of cells” is one of the characteristics of life

4. How it all began…
1665- English Scientist, Robert Hooke, discovered cells while looking at a thin slice of cork.
He thought that cells only existed in plants and fungi

5. Further developments
Anton van Leuwenhoek, Observed pond scum & and blood cells
Therefore, it was known that cells are found in animals as well as plants

6. The Cell Theory (Schleiden & Schwann):
All organisms are composed of one or more cells
The cell is the basic unit of organization for the organism
All cells come from pre-exiting cells

8. Two basic cell types: Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic
1. Prokaryotic cells
Earliest cells
Lack membrane bound organelles
No nucleus
Have membrane, cytoplasm & free DNA

9. Prokaryotic cells: Bacteria (only Kingdom Monera)

11. 2. Eukaryotic cells:
Have a nucleus that holds the DNA inside a membrane and other organelles
Also have cell membrane & cytoplasm

12. Human muscle cells
With large nuclei

13. Paramecium- consist of only a single eukaryotic cell
Nucleus
With DNA
For reproduction

14. Human Red Blood Cells
Exception:
A Eukaryotic Cell
With NO NUCLEUS !

15. Fungi

16. Differences between animal and plant cells:
ANIMAL PLANT

17. Only in plants…
Cell Wall- rigid outer structure, made of cellulose (fiber)
Chloroplast- for photosynthesis, contain chlorophyll= GREEN
Large vacuoles- for storage of food and water

18. Cell wall
Chloroplast
(chlorophyll)
Large
vacuole
PLANT CELL

19. Found only in Animal cells:
Centrioles - involved in cell division
Lysosomes are more common in animal cells

20. No Wall,
Just a Cell
Membrane
Many lysosomes
Animal Cell

21. Found in both Plant and Animal Cells…
Most organelles are common to both types of cells. Include these organelles in your inquiry project.
Find the functions of the following cells:
- nucleus
- vacuole food/water -mitochondria
- lysosomes -endoplasmic reticulum
- ribosomes -golgi complex(apparatus)
- cytoplasm
- cell membrane