1. PRESENT PERFECT

2. PRESENT PERFECT
+ I have played football for 10 years, now I prefer to play basketball.
̶ She hasn’t had time to travel since she became a mother.
? Have you ever been to Paris?

3. Have you seen Maria this week?
Present Perfect is used to link the past with the present in the following ways:
TIME UP TO NOW:
A completed action or experience that happened at some point in the past before now. The exact time it happened is not specified.
In my life, this year, this week, before…
Have you seen Maria this week?
We’ve met before.
Action at an unfinished and unspecified period of time
NOW
PAST

4. I have broken my arm. It hurts a lot.
RECENT EVENTS:
A completed action which has a present result or is in some other way relevant to the present. The exact time it is not specified.
I have broken my arm. It hurts a lot.
Maria has lost her wallet, so I’ll invite her to dinner.
RESULT
Action at an unspecified period of time
NOW
PAST

5. (We can also use Present Perefect Continuous)
ONGOING SITUATIONS:
An uncompleted state or repeated action that started in the past and continues up to now.
(We can also use Present Perefect Continuous)
I have been in Twitter for a while.
I have swam every Monday since May.
NOW
STATE
NOW
REGULAR ACTIVITY

6. KEY WORDS PRESENT PERFECT PAST SIMPLE BOTH
Just, already, yet, ever, so far, up to now, still not, over the last year…
Yesterday, last week, last month, ago, on Friday, on 12th October, when I was 10…
Today, this morning, always, never, for, before, in the summer…