1. Tackling CV Risk in T2DM

3. Introduction/Background

4. T2DM as a Risk Factor for CVD

5. Close Linkage Between T2DM and HF

6. December 2008 FDA Guidance on Evaluating CV Risk in New Antidiabetic Therapies for T2DM

7. SAVOR-TIMI, EXAMINE, TECOS: Topline Results

8. DPP-4 Inhibitors: Topline Clinical Trial Results

9. EMPA-REG Primary Outcome (3-Point MACE): CV Death, Nonfatal MI, or Nonfatal Stroke

10. EMPA-REG: Results for CV Death

11. EMPA-REG: Hospitalization for HF

12. EMPA-REG Microvascular Outcomes: Renal Protection

13. Why Did the DPP-4 CV Outcome Trials Conflict With Epidemiology-Based Expectations?

14. DPP-4 Inhibitors: CV Meta-Analyses Results

15. Results of SGLT2i Meta-Analysis

16. Potential Mechanisms for CV Benefit Associated With Empagliflozin

17. CV Benefit Associated With RAS Blockade

18. SGLT2 Inhibitors and Reduced Volume Overload

19. Potential Pathways Linking SGLT2 Inhibitors and Reduced Risk of Hospitalization for HF

20. SGLT2 Inhibitors: Kidney Damage and Other AEs

21. LEADER: Baseline Characteristics

22. LEADER: Primary Outcome Liraglutide vs Placebo

23. What Explains the Macro- and Microvascular Improvements Observed in LEADER?

24. GLP-1 RAs and Cardiac Function

25. LEADER: Time to First Renal Event -- Macroalbuminuria, Doubling of Serum Creatinine, ESRD, Renal Death

26. Intensive Glycemic Control Increased All-Cause Mortality (ACCORD)

27. LEADER: AEs Leading to Treatment Discontinuation

28. SUSTAIN-6 (Semaglutide): Primary Outcome Results

29. EMPA-REG Outcomes: Class Effect or Agent Specific?

30. EMPA-REG and LEADER Results and Treatment Guidelines

31. Summary and Conclusions

32. Abbreviations

33. Abbreviations (cont)

34. Abbreviations (cont)