1. Study designs used in clinical research
Assist. Prof. E. Çiğdem Kaspar, PhD.

2. Aim: to translate the steps of a research design and the planning steps of a research.
Objective:
Should be able to list the steps of a research design.
Should be able to define the types of research methods that are used in medical sciences.

3. Study design: Definition
A study design is a specific plan or protocol for conducting the study, which allows the investigator to translate the conceptual hypothesis into an operational one.

7. Hierarchy of study designs

33. x x

36. Analytical studies for epidemiology: 1. Cross-Sectional Study
History of Risk
Situation of Study Population
Reason
Result
Risk present
Disease/have risk factor
Risk absent
Draw random sample from main population
Risk present
Disease/have no risk factor
Risk absent
TIME

38. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW META ANALYSIS
STUDY A
STUDY B
STUDY C
STUDY D
Meta-analysis
Meta-analysis is a statistical technique in which the results of two or more studies are mathematically combined in order to improve the reliability of the results. Studies chosen for inclusion in a meta-analysis must be sufficiently similar in a number of characteristics in order to accurately combine their results.

40. Choice of Design Depends on: Research Questions Research Goals
Researcher Beliefs and Values
Researcher Skills
Time and Funds

41. Choice of Design It is also related to: Status of existent knowledge
Occurrence of disease
Duration of latent period
Nature and availability of information
Available resources