1. Cells and Energy
Page 52

2. Adenosine TriPhosphate = ATP = Cell Energy

3. What is ATP?
A molecule that transfers energy from the breakdown of food molecules to cell processes.
Cells use ATP to do stuff.
When a phosphate
is removed, energy is
released and ATP
becomes ADP.

4. What is ADP? A lower-energy molecule that can be converted into ATP.
ADP is nearly a empty wallet.

5. Break down of carbon-based molecules
The number of ATP molecules produced depends on the type of molecule that is broken down; carbohydrate, lipid, or protein.
-Carbohydrate-sugars and starches.
-Lipids-fats and oils.
-Protein-muscle tissue and enzyme.
NOTHING FROM THIS SLIDE****

6. Chemosynthesis
A process by which some bacteria use chemical energy (heat & pressure) instead of light energy to make energy-storing molecules. (Food)

7. Photosynthetic organisms are producers.
Photosynthesis
A process that captures energy from sunlight to make sugars that store chemical energy.
Plants, as well as some bacteria and protists use photosynthesis to produce energy.
Photosynthetic organisms are producers.

9. Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts.
Chloroplasts are the membrane-bound organelles where photosynthesis takes place in plants.
Chlorophyll- special substance in chloroplasts that absorb light. A and B – absorb blue and red light. Reflect green light.

11. Cellular Respiration
Glucose from consuming food is broken down into usable ATP.
This process takes place in the mitochondria.
Cellular respiration is usually an aerobic process, which means that it needs oxygen to take place.
In aerobic respiration large amounts of ATP are created.

14. Without Oxygen?
Anaerobic Respiration - If there is little or no oxygen present then our bodies take different steps to take energy. Also known as fermentation.
**Used in emergencies only! Can only be done for a short amount of time or the process can kill us! This also happens right after we die; the reason dead bodies get bloated. **

15. Without Oxygen!
Fermentation- release of energy by forming ATP without Oxygen.
Alcoholic- alcohol is a product. (BACTERIA AND YEAST)
Lactic Acid- Lactic acid is a product. (ANIMALS)

17. Lab – Looking at cellular Respiration
1. Obtain a flask and fill with 100mL warm/hot water.
2. Add two spoons of sugar.
3. Return back to your desk with a balloon and wait for Mr. Greene.

18. Page 54- Lab Questions Write out the questions leaving space to answer them.
1. What is the organism that was used in this experiment?
2. Describe what happened?
3. What gas was created? What was consumed?
4. Did the reaction slow or stop? Why?