1. I. Coelomate Animals A. Have a true coelom, not a pseudocoelom
B. True coelom is a hollowed out space inside the mesoderm, not a space between tissue layers
C. Coelom provides space for organs to develop

2. II. Gastrulation = Formation of gastrula.
A) Indentation creates opening called blastopore
B) Blastopore either becomes mouth or anus
C) Protostome = blastopore becomes mouth
D) Deuterostome = blastopore becomes anus

4. III. Groups of Animals have Coeloms (Coelomates)
Protostomes
mouth forms first
Phylum Mollusca
Phylum Annelida
Phylum Arthropoda
Deuterostomes
anus forms first
Phylum Echinodermata
Phylum Chordata

5. IV. Traits of All Coelomates
A) multicellular
B) true tissues
C) bilaterally symmetrical
D) triploblastic
E) have alimentary canal (complete digestive system)
F) have a coelom
Draw a phylogenetic tree including
Porifera, flatworms, round worms, rotifers, proterospongia, coleolmates, cnidarian,

6. Phylum Mollusca = mollusks
Respiration by gills, lung or diffusion
All have hearts & open circulatory systems
Blood leaves heart in an artery
Blood flows out the open ends of the artery to circulate directly through tissues and sinuses
Blood funneled
back to heart
to be pumped again

7. Specialized Mollusk Traits
Mantle :membrane covering that may secrete a shell
Radula = feeding structure that may be like a file, a drill or a beak
Muscular Foot = used for locomotion

9. Class Bivalvia Name means 2 shells Most are filter feeders
Clams, oysters, mussels, scalops

10. Class Gastropoda Name means Stomach-Foot
snails, slugs & nudibranchs (sea slugs)

11. Class Cephalopoda Name means head-foot
Squids, octopuses, nautiluses, cuttlefish

12. Giant Squid! Largest invertebrate Up to 60 ft long
This one was a young female 24 ft long
The first live giant squid ever captured
Large size made possible by myalinated nerves and closed circulatory system

13. Cephalopod Derived Traits : Adaptations of a Predator
Shell filled with chambers of air for buoyancy
Shells lost or small & internal = less weight
Closed circulatory system = faster circulation for better delivery of oxygen to muscles
Well developed eyes and brain = must be smarter than the food
Foot converted to tentacles
and siphon (jet propulsion)

14. Phylum Annelida:Segmented worms
Earth worms
Leeches
Marine Worms
Freshwater
worms

15. Annelid traits Body divided into segments
Respiration by diffusion or gills
(skin must be damp to breath by diffusion)
Excretion by true nephridia in each segment
Alimentary canal
Closed circulatory system
(blood always in vessels or heart)
Ganglia with ventral nerve cords

16. Worm Specialized Digestive organs: 1) pharynx: sucks in/swallows food 4 2 5 3 1
Worm Specialized Digestive organs:
1) pharynx: sucks in/swallows food
2) Esophagus: pushes food to crop
3) Crop: stores food
4) Gizzard: grinds food
5) Intestine: absorbs nutrients

17. Circulatory System
1) aortic arches: pump blood (5 ‘hearts’)
2) dorsal blood vessel: brings blood to arches
3) ventral blood vessel: carries blood from arches
4) smaller blood vessels: branch off 2 & 3
4) capillary beds: deliver nutrients connect 2 & 3

18. Hydrostatic skeleton:
Muscles pull against water filled body cavity
coelomic fluid
Circular muscles: elongate segment
Longitudinal muscles: shorten segment
Setae (bristles): anchor worm

19. Reproduction:
Sexual only
Hermaphrodites: produce both egg and sperm
then trade 
Clitellum: forms cocoon for fertilized eggs
Internal fertilization: eggs fertilized inside cocoon

20. Phylum Arthropoda Subphylum Crustacea Class Insecta Class Arachnida
Classes Diplopoda/chilopoda

21. Arthropod Traits Name means jointed-foot Also have jointed legs
Segmented bodies
Exoskeleton
Open circulatory system
Ganglia fused into simple brain
ventral nerve cords
Complete digestive system

22. Insect Innovations
Respiration using tracheae –tubes that branch throughout the body
Compound eye
Wings
Complex life cycle

23. Arachnids Respiration by book lungs spiders ticks mites Scorpions
harvestmen
May have silk glands to make web

24. Crustacea Nearly all aquatic Respiration by gills
Important part of zooplankton