1. Bed P. Paudel / Ishwari P. Ghimire NASC
Integrity AND eTHICS
Bed P. Paudel / Ishwari P. Ghimire
NASC

2. Learning Objectives
By the end of the topic participants will be able to:
Explain the concept of integrity and ethics;
Explain the characteristics of ethical and unethical behaviour;
Analyse the consequences of unethical behaviour of civil servants, on the quality of public services;

3. Learning Objectives
Design strategies to promote integrity in public services;
Explain integrity building;
Adapt knowledge, skills and competency for integrity building.

4. Key Learning Points
An ethical behaviour applies to proper conduct. Unethical behaviour is not to abide by the rules of morality.
Being ethical means maintaining integrity all the time and take risks for a good cause
Ethics is more than compliance with rules, regulations etc.
Ethics is subjective and contextual

5. People will forget what you said, People will forget what you did, But people will never forget How you made them feel.
Maya Angelou

6. स्थिति / प्रवृति ...
व्यवसायीद्वारा साल्ट ट्रेडिङलाई चिनीको बिक्रि रोक्न दबाव
२०७३/३/२१ गते बल्खु फलफुल तथा तरकारी बजार अनुगमन गर्न गएको मन्त्रि समेतको टोलीलाई Tampered Weighing Machine Seal गरेको बिरोधमा हातपात
सरकारले क्षमता भन्दा बढी यात्रु नबोक्न निर्देशन दिएको बिरोधमा चितवनमा यातायात व्यबशायीहरुले विध्यार्थीहरुलाई सवारी चढ्न रोक
कृषकद्वारा तरकारीमा विषादीको प्रयोग
मन्त्रीहरुले नियुक्ति पाएको १५ दिन भित्र सार्वजनिक गर्नु पर्ने सम्पति विवरण बुझाएका छैनन्
संसद बैठकमा गणपुरक संख्या नपुग्दा बैठक रद्द
12/6/2018

7. कार्यालय उपकरण / सामाग्री व्यक्तिगत काममा प्रयोग
वरिष्ठ कर्मचारीहरु कार्यालय समयमा लोक सेवा आयोगमा उत्तर पुस्तिका परिक्षण गर्ने
उप-सचिव सम्मको सरुवा सचिवले गर्ने अधिकार छ, तर नगरी नियम संशोधन
कार्यालय समय १० – ५, तर कर्मचारी ढिलो आउने र चाडै जाने
धारामा पानि नआयपनि महशुल तिर्नु पर्दछ
सडकका अवस्था
ट्याक्सी भाडा – मिटर र तिर्नुपर्ने रकम
सातजनाको हत्यामा संलग्न भारतीय सिरिअल किलर मुस्तकिम भनिने मो. रइस मियाँले बंशजका आधारमा नागरिकता र सप्तरी बाट २ र सिराहाबाट १ राहदानी लिएको – कान्तिपुर, २०७३/५/२२

8. म्याग्दीमा सेना र पर्यटकले साँघु बनाय गिद्द संरक्षणमा नेपालको प्रशंसा
निर्वाचन आयोगले प्रचलित कानुन बमोजिम आयव्ययसहितको बार्षिक प्रतिबेदन नबुझाउने ८२ राजनीतिक दललाई जरिवाना
म्याग्दीमा सेना र पर्यटकले साँघु बनाय
गिद्द संरक्षणमा नेपालको प्रशंसा
धनगढीको राधाकृष्ण सामुदायिक वन स्थानीयको अथक प्रयासपछि हराभरा र घना जंगल
कान्तिपुर,२२/८/२०७३
राहतमा रजाई: हेलिकोप्टर भाडाका लागि भन्दै प्रत्त्येक पिडित परिवार बाट एक हजारका दरले लाखौ असुली
किमाथांका नाकासम्म सडक विस्तारलाई तिब्रता दिन हेलिकप्टर बाट डोजर र ट्रयाक्टर पुर्यार्इएको

18. National Integrity System
SUSTAIN-
ABLE
DEVELOP-
MENT
RULE OF
LAW
QUALITY OF
LIFE
N A T I O N A L I N T E G R I T Y
LEGISLATURE
EXECUTIVE
JUDICIARY
AUDITOR GENERAL
OMBUDSMAN
WATCHDOG AGENCIES
PUBLIC SERVICE
MEDIA
CIVIL SOCIETY
PRIVATE SECTOR
INTERNATIONAL ACTORS
P U B L I C A W A R E N E S S
S O C I E T Y’ S V A L U E S

19. Integrity
Integrity is a concept of consistency of actions, values, methods, measures, principles, expectations, and outcomes.
Integrity is knowing right things to do and doing the right things.
Integrity is not an absolute notion that you either have or totally lack.

20. Integrity Integrity is the alignment of four factors: Accountability
Competence
Ethical Behaviour
Corruption
Integrity Action

21. Integrity Accountability Competence Ethical behaviour Transparency
Access to information
Consistency
Social responsibility
Clarity
Open to stakeholders
Professionalism
Quality
Effectiveness
Reliability
Responsiveness
Stewardship
Trustworthy
Fairness
Honesty
Lawfulness
Anti-corruption
Social justice
Respecting rights
Confidentiality
Without corruption ( Bribes, Patronage, Greed, Theft, Plagiarism, Exploitation, Manipulation)
(with corruption control)
- Integrity Action

22. Integrity What does integrity mean to the individual civil servant?
Commitment to work
Competency and ethical character
Transparency, trust and trustworthiness

23. Ethics
A set of moral principles and standards of “right” behavior and conduct.
Right or wrong, good or bad in actions that affects others.

24. Integrity and Ethics
Government bodies and administrators act in ways that inspire public trust. It entails competency, transparency, honesty, commitment, ethical standards of public service.
Ethics refers to well founded standards of right and wrong that prescribe what ought to do, usually in terms of rights, obligations, benefits to society, fairness, or specific virtues.
Higher ethical standard and practices is critical in administering work to gain public trust.

25. Public or Organisational Integrity (Integrity Action)
Public or organisation integrity is that set of characteristics that justify trustworthiness and generate trust among stakeholders.

26. Trust and Trustworthiness
Integrity

27. Foundation: Integrity and Ethics
Socialization and cultural environment
Education
Thoughts
Exposure and learning
Law and policies
Religion
….?
5 min

28. Integrity Promoting Framework
Values and standards
Commitment
Communication
Continuous and consistent actions

29. Why an ethical work environment is important
Promotes goodwill and respect within and outside the firm
Acts as a psychological constraint against unethical, and criminal behavior
Acts as a form of internally derived social control
Impacts viability and profitability

30. Ethical Behaviour Un-ethical Behaviour
Honesty
Accountability
Doing a job well
Humility (humble, decency, servitude-placing other peoples need before one's own)
Proper conduct
Reliability
Dedication
Character
Fairness
Lying
Cheating / Stealing
Does not abide by the rules of morality
Bribes / Corruption
Deliberate deception
Violation of conscience
Failure to honor commitments
Unlawful conduct
Disregard of organisation policy
Mis-use of resources
Illegal acts

31. How high are your ethical standards?
You are dining in a restaurant. You ordered four dishes and the waiter brings all four but, by mistake, billed you only for three. What would you do?
You know that the taxi fare from your home to the airport is NRs You had paid that price several times before; you know it is the correct fare. This time the taxi driver asks for NRs What would you do?
Shopkeeper returned more money than he had to. What would you do?
12/6/2018

32. You are in the field on official duty, got free vehicle; claim TA …
Lady dropped purse in-front of you, somebody picked up in front of you. What would you do?
You are in the field on official duty, got free vehicle; claim TA …
You got discounted air fare, claim ….
Office time 10 – 5, but come late and leave early regularly …
You found your supervisor using office vehicle for relatives …
12/6/2018

33. Spouse benefitting extra because of your position / status …
Your best friend is terminally ill and you are a life assurance salesman. Your friend needs NRs. 500,000 worth of insurance. No one knows and no one can find out that your friend is dying. Would you write the policy?
Spouse benefitting extra because of your position / status …
12/6/2018

34. Consequences of Unethical Behaviour
What are the consequences of unethical behaviour of civil servants?
Legal consequences
Morale decline and negative image
Trust deficit towards public institutions
Economic and social cost increases
Violation of rule of law
Corruption increases
WPE suffer most

35. Integrity Leader
 Integrity leader is the concept of consistency of actions, values, methods, measures, principles, expectations and outcomes. It connotes a deep commitment to do the right thing for the right reason, regardless of the circumstances.
Integrity leader is necessary condition for Integrity Building but we need something more.

36. Integrity builder is someone who build on -
Establishing culture beyond compliance in an organisation.
Building a culture of high ethical standards that are reflected in day- to-day practice.
Constructing culture based on ethical behaviour.

37. Core Characteristics of Toxic Leader
1. Commitment to public interest
1. Commitment to public interest
2. Incorruptibility
2. Incorruptibility
4. Experimentation
3. Consistency of goal
6. Institutional intelligence
5. Competence

38. Integrity vs. Ethics Ethics Integrity Following the rules
A set of standardized rules for conducting yourself morally
The agreed upon standards of what is desirable and undesirable; of right and wrong conduct
An external system of rules and laws
Doing the right thing, regardless of the rules.
A personal code of conduct that goes above the letter of good conduct and encompasses the spirit of good conduct
A state or condition of being whole, complete unbroken, unimpaired, sound, in perfect condition
An internal system of principles which guides our behavior

39. Compliance Approach
 A Compliance Approach to reducing corruption and/or solving integrity or ethical challenges is characterized by being: • Rules-based • Focused mainly on the application and enforcement of rules and procedures • Adversarial: naming, shaming, litigation • Problem-focused • Less Discretion

40. Integrity vs Compliance
Reactive Proactive
Compliance training
Integrity testing
Zero tolerance policy
Code of Conduct
Supplier “white lists”
Rewards to whistle-blowers
Integrity Pact
Medium return, Medium risk
Compliance training
Integrity testing
Zero tolerance policy
Code of Conduct
Business Collective Action
Supplier “white lists”
Rewards to whistle-blowers
Integrity Pact
Medium return, Medium risk
Community Integrity Building
Multi-stakeholder initiatives with oversight
Integrity as competitive differentiator
Holistic/step change
High return, High risk
Community Integrity Building
Multi-stakeholder initiatives with oversight
Integrity as competitive differentiator
Holistic/step change
High return, High risk
Ethics advice center
Ethics officer
Code of Ethics
Compliance-plus ethics
Low return, Low risk
Ethics advice center
Ethics officer
Code of Ethics
Compliance-plus ethics
Low return, Low risk
Whistle-blower hotline
Whistle-blower protection
Supplier “black lists”
Low return, Low risk
Whistle-blower hotline
Whistle-blower protection
Supplier “black lists”
Low return, Low risk
Compliance Integrity
Adopted from Integrity Action

41. Think about creating strategies to promote integrity

42. Creating Strategies to Promote Integrity
Group work: Designing strategy
Work in groups
Discuss and work to:
Design strategies to promote integrity and ethical behaviour amongst civil servants to improve the public services.
Prepare notes and be prepared to share the findings.

43. Key Learning Points
Capacity enhancement of public institutions—physical, resource base, human resource, role clarity etc.
Compliance to rule of law: strong regulative and legal enforcement mechanisms,
Promotion of ethical culture: norms, values and standards are set,
Development of good personal behaviour— attitudinal (intention) change

44. Key Learning Points Promoting transparency, Reward and punishment,
Protection of whistleblower,
Minimizing the role of intermediaries,
Effective monitoring and evaluation system
Adequate infrastructure

45. Integrity Building
Integrity is about the creation of viable alternatives to corruption and ethical failures.
It is not simply an antidote or the opposite.

46. Integrity Building: 3 Elements
Identify and name an integrity problem
Knowledge of the legislation, codes, standards, related to the problem
Identify the solution

47. Integrity Action Learning Plan
S.N.
Activities
Analysis/
justification
Learning point
Strategies to improve 1.
Identify an integrity problem you faced in your workplace
Why is that a problem?
What do you learn from this?
What steps do you adopt to manage? 2.
Understanding organizational context
Supporting and restraining factors for integrity building
Things to promote and control
What activities you do to promote and control 3.
What reform you would initiate?
Why is important to do now?
What changes does it bring?
How you manage reform spoilers?
©NASC, 2015
12/6/2018

48. Action Plan for Integrity Building
S.N.
What
When
Who (you and others)
How you manage
Resources
Critical success factors HR
Finance
Others
©NASC, 2015
12/6/2018

49. Things We Need! Organisation: Commitment
Clear set of values and standards
Communication of values and standards
Continuous and consistent actions
Moreover,
Assess your ethical position
Acknowledge that “it starts with me!”
Build ethical thinking into daily activities
Establish a legend; let it be disseminated
Be wiling to pay the price