1. Classification of Organisms

2. Taxonomy Taxonomy is the science of naming and classifying organisms
Our classification system was first developed by Swedish botanist Carolus Linnaeus

3. Binomial Nomenclature
System developed by Linnaeus
Each species has a two-part Latin name
Genus species
Ex: Tyto alba (barn owl)

4. Seven Levels of Classification
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
King Philip Came Over For Green Salami
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Primates
Hominidae
Homo
sapiens
Binomial nomenclature name = Homo sapiens

5. Kingdoms Monera Prostista Fungi Plantae Animalia
Single-celled prokaryotes
Bacteria
Prostista
Single-celled eukaryotes
Algae, amoeba
Fungi
Mushrooms, molds, yeast
Plantae
Photosynthetic organisms
Animalia
Animals

6. Classification Which two species are most closely related?

7. Cladistics Cladistics is classification based on common ancestry
Cladogram- family tree (phylogenetic tree)
Classification is based on physical and genetic evidence
Physical evidence: bilateral vs. radial symmetry
Bilateral: mirror images when divided in half (most mammals)
Radial: can be divided into identical halves at any angle (ex: starfish)

8. Interpreting Cladograms
Which organisms are most closely related? Least related?

9. Interpreting Cladograms
Which organisms are extinct?

10. Which species is most closely related to the cape fox?
Which species developed the most recently?

11. Cladogram Tells us which characteristics organisms have in common.
Which trait developed first: jaws or hair?
What is one organism that has jaws but no hair?

12. Dichotomous Key Tools to help us identify species
Similar to a field guide