1. Fungi

2. Fungi First fungi were probably flagellated.
First fossils – 480 million years ago (Ordovician Period)
Molecular Clock suggests 1 billion years ago (Precambrian).

3. General Characteristics
Primarily terrestrial
Filamentous
hyphae
coenocytic
septate
mycelium
haustoria

4. Fungal Hyphae

5. General Characteristics (animal-like)
Heterotrophic
absorption (saprobes)
parasitic
mutualistic
Cell Wall: Chitin
Store sugar as glycogen

6. Fungal Reproduction Asexual haploid spores (conidia/sporangia) Sexual
plasmogamy (dikaryon)
karyogamy (diploid)
Syngamy (diploid)

7. Fungal Classification

8. Fungal Classification

9. Division: Chytrids Have flagella Coenocytic hyphae or unicellular
Cell wall: chitin
Saprobes or parasites
May be most primitive fungi

10. Division: Zygomycetes

11. Division: Zygomycetes
Coenocytic Fungi
Mostly terrestrial (live on decaying material
Example: Rhizopus (Black bread mold)
Uses: birth control pills, meat tenderizers, margarine coloring

13. Division: Glomeromycetes
Arbuscular mycorrhizae
Coenocytic Fungi
Mutualistic - associated with plant roots
increases surface area for the absorption of water and nutrients

14. Division: Ascomycetes

15. Divison: Ascomycetes Septate fungi (sac fungi) Saprobes, mutualistic
Examples: Dutch Elm Disease, yeasts, truffles, some molds
Uses: pathogens, food, cooking

17. Division: Ascomycetes (Deuteromycota)
Imperfect fungi (no sexual cycle)
Examples: Penicillium, Aspergillus, Predatory fungi

18. Division: Basidiomycetes

19. Division: Basidiomycetes
Septate Fungi (Club fungi)
Saprobes, parasites, mutualistic
Examples: mushrooms, toadstools, puffballs, shelf fungi, rusts, smuts
Uses: Food

20. Division: Basidiomycetes
Fairy Rings

22. Lichen
Mutualistic - association with a green algae or cyanobacteria and an ascomycetes or basidiomycetes
Pioneer organisms

23. Microsporidia Are they Fungi? Parasitic Loss of organelles
Tiny organelles derived from mitochondria
Cause disease in people with immune deficiency
Used as pest control

24. Ecological Impacts
Decomposers
Pathogens
Food Production