1. WARM-UP #7

2. DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)

3. Genetic material of cells…
GENES – units of genetic material that ____________________________
Called ____________________
DNA is made up of repeating molecules called _____________________

4. DNA Nucleotide O O=P-O N CH2 O C1 C4 C3 C2 ________________ Group
(A, G, C, or T)
CH2 O C1 C4 C3 C2 5
_______
(deoxyribose)

5. Watson & Crick proposed…
DNA had specific pairing between the nitrogen bases:
________– __________
_________ - _________
DNA was made of __ long stands of nucleotides arranged in a specific way called the “___________________”

6. DNA Double Helix “Rungs of ladder” Nitrogenous Base (A,T,G or C)
“Legs of ladder”
Phosphate &
Sugar Backbone

7. DNA Double Helix P O 1 2 3 4 5 P O 1 2 3 4 5 G C T A

8. Nitrogenous Bases PURINES 1. __________ (_) 2. _________ (_)
1. __________ (_)
2. _________ (_)
PYRIMIDINES
3. __________ (__)
4. __________ (__)
A or G
T or C

9. Chargaff’s Rule Adenine must pair with Thymine
Guanine must pair with Cytosine
Their amounts in a given DNA molecule will be ______________________________. T A G C

10. BASE-PAIRINGS C G
___________________ T A

11. Genetic Diversity…
Different arrangements of _______________ in a nucleic acid (DNA) provides the key to _____________ among living organisms.

12. The Code of Life… A T C G T A T G C G G…
The “code” of the chromosome is the _______________________that bases occur.
A T C G T A T G C G G…

13. DNA is wrapped tightly around ________ and coiled tightly to form chromosomes

14. DNA ______________ DNA must be copied
The DNA molecule produces __ _________________ new complementary strands following the rules of base pairing: A-T, G-C
Each strand of the original DNA serves as a _____________ for the new strand

15. DNA ____________ ________________ Model: .
1. Watson and Crick showed: the two strands of the _____________molecule separate, and each functions as a template for synthesis of a new complementary strand. .
DNA _________
______ DNA
Parental DNA

16. Replication Quiz 1. Why is replication necessary?
__________________________________
2. When does replication occur?
____________________________
3. Describe how replication works.
___________________________________
4. Use the complementary rule to
create the complementary strand:
A---__
G---__
C---__
T---__

17. (1961) Watson & Crick proposed…
…DNA controlled cell function by serving as a template for ______________structure.
3 Nucleotides = a triplet or ___________
(which code for a specific AMINO ACID)
_________________are the building blocks of proteins.

18. DNA Transcription
DNA can “unzip” itself and ________nucleotides match up to the DNA strand.
Both DNA & RNA are formed from _________________ and are called ___________acids.

19. We will discuss details of this on a later date
DNA Translation
The cell uses information from “____________” RNA to produce proteins
We will discuss details of this on a later date

20. 1. Why is transcription necessary?
__________________________________________________________________________
2. Describe transcription.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3. Why is translation necessary?

21. 4. Describe translation.
________________________________________________________________
5. What are the main differences between DNA and RNA.
________________________________________________________________________________________________

22. (a library of about 1,000 books)
AMAZING DNA FACTS…
DNA from a single human cell extends in a single thread for almost 2 meters long!!!
It contains information equal to some 600,000 printed pages of 500 words each!!!
(a library of about 1,000 books)