1. Triple Point Plot melting freezing liquid solid Pressure (atm)
vaporization
condensation
Pressure (atm)
0.6
2.6
sublimation
deposition
gas
Temperature (oC)
LeMay Jr, Beall, Robblee, Brower, Chemistry Connections to Our Changing World , 1996, page 488

2. Triple Point 22,058 Critical point Critical pressure Normal melting
boiling
point
101.3
Pressure (KPa)
Solid
Liquid
Vapor
Remind students of the effects of temperature and pressure on the state of matter. Students are familiar with the three states ofwater.
What happens to the boiling point of water as pressure increases?
(It increases.)
What happens to the freezing point as the pressure increases?
(It decreases.)
What is the triple point
(The temperature and pressure at which all three states coexist in equilibrium.)
0.61
Triple point
0.016
100
373.99
Critical
temperature
Temperature (oC)

3. Objectives - Matter
Explain why mass is used as a measure of the quantity of matter.
Describe the characteristics of elements, compounds, and mixtures.
Solve density problems by applying an understanding of the concepts of density.
Distinguish between physical and chemical properties and physical and chemical changes.
Demonstrate an understanding of the law of conservation of mass by applying it to a chemical reaction.

4. Objectives - Energy Identify various forms of energy.
Describe changes in energy that take place during a chemical reaction.
Distinguish between heat and temperature.
Solve calorimetry problems.
Describe the interactions that occur between electrostatic charges.

5. Law of Conservation of Energy
Eafter = Ebefore
2 H O2  H2O energy
Energy Changes
 WOOF!

6. Law of Conservation of Energy
Eafter = Ebefore
2 H O2  H2O energy
Energy Changes
 WOOF!
ENERGY
CO2 + H2O
C2H2 + O2
PEreactants
PEproducts
KEstopper
heat, light, sound

7. Law of Conservation of Energy
Eafter = Ebefore
2C2H2 + 5O2  4 CO2 + 2H2O + energy
Energy Changes
ENERGY
C2H2 + O2
PEreactants
PEproducts
KEstopper
heat, light, sound

9. Heating Curves Gas - KE  Boiling - PE  Liquid - KE  Melting - PE 
140
Gas - KE 
120
100
Boiling - PE  80 60 40
Liquid - KE 
Temperature (oC) 20
Melting - PE 
-20
-40
Solid - KE 
-60
-80
-100
Time

10. Heating Curves Temperature Change change in KE (molecular motion)
depends on heat capacity
Heat Capacity
energy required to raise the temp of 1 gram of a substance by 1°C
“Volcano” clip -
water has a very high heat capacity
Courtesy Christy Johannesson

11. Heating Curves Phase Change change in PE (molecular arrangement)
temp remains constant
Heat of Fusion (Hfus)
energy required to melt 1 gram of a substance at its m.p.
Courtesy Christy Johannesson

12. Phase Diagrams
Show the phases of a substance at different temps and pressures.
Courtesy Christy Johannesson