1. Chapter 13. 3 Fascism in Italy & Mussolini

2. Chaos in Italy
1915 Italy was promised lands by the Allies that belonged to Austria-Hungary.
They only got some, the rest went to the newly created Yugoslavia
Italians angry
Italians inspired by Russian Rev
Peasants also revolted, took land
Workers went on strike
Trade declined, taxes rose

3. Benito Mussolini Mussolini: rejected socialism
Embraced intense nationalism
1919 organized veterans and unhappy Italians into the Fascist party.
Latin: fasces, bundle of sticks wrapped around an ax
In Ancient Rome fasces = authority and unity

4. Mussolini intimidates
Organize supporters into combat squads
“black shirts”, party militants that rejected the democratic process for violence
Attacked socialists, the press and farmers’ crops
terror and intimidation to get rid of elected officials in northern Italy

5. Mussolini Gains Power 1922 Mussolini and Black Shirts March on Rome
King Victor Emmanuel III
asks Mussolini to organize a new gov’t and for Mussolini to be the prime minister.
Oct. 20, 1929 Mussolini in control, with the legal permission of the King

6. Control of the Economy Mussolini brought economy under state control
Ending capitalism in Italy
Fascists controlled agriculture, industry and trade
His system favored the upper classes

7. “The individual is nothing”
The state is most important
Individuals are nothing.
Slogans glorified Mussolini and the state
Women who had more than 14 kids were given a medal by Mussolini personally
Shaping the young a goal of Fascists
Fascist youth groups taught kids to be tough and obedient

8. Fascism? Mussolini built the first totalitarian state
This is a one party dictatorship that regulates all parts of life
Fascist have no unifying theory ( no book like Communists)
Glorification of the state
Destruction of human rights

9. Fascism and Democracy Fascists do not like democracy
Fascist think democracy led to corruption and weakness
They think democracy puts the individual before the state.

10. Fascism and Communism THEY HATE COMMUNISTS AND SOCIALISTS!!
Communists want international change
Fascists pursue nationalist goals
Fascists like the rich and elite
Communists say they want a classless society that favors the workers.

11. How are they the same? Similarities of Fascism and Communism Terror
Control
Special police force
propaganda