1. Leader as an integrity builder
Achala Dahal

2. Who are integrity leader?
Who are integrity builder ?
Ethical dilemma during decision making
Compliance vs Integrity

3. Perception survey

4. Exercise : Perception survey
30–32 High ethical
33–45 Moderate ethical
46–120 Low ethical

5. Integrity Leader
Integrity is one of the top attributes of a great leader.
Integrity Leader is the concept of consistency of actions, values, methods, measures, principles, expectations and outcomes. It connotes a deep commitment to do the right thing for the right reason, regardless of the circumstances.
Leaders always know how to do the right thing. It may be difficult to define exactly what “right” is, but a leader who is ethical is not afraid to do what they truly believe to be right – even if it is unpopular, unprofitable, or inconvenient.

6. Integrity Leadership - Thornton
Model ethical behavior
Adopt transparency in decision-making and communications.
Establish a formal ethics or values statement.
Insist everyone meets ethical expectations
Recognize and reward examples of ethical behavior.
Talk about ethics as an ongoing learning journey, not a once-a-year training program.

7. Think of an ideal person who you find with high integrity. Why?
Please share some of his/her characteristics.
Individual Work .

8. Characteristics of Integrity Leader
Is it enough ?

9. Integrity Builder
Integrity leader is necessary condition for integrity building but we need something more.
Integrity builder is someone who build on -
Establishing culture beyond compliance in an organisation.
Building a culture of high ethical standards that are reflected in day-to-day practice.
Constructing culture based on ethical behaviour.

10. Core Characteristics of Toxic Leader
1. Commitment to public interest
1. Commitment to public interest
2. Incorruptibility
2. Incorruptibility
4. Experimentation
3. Consistency of goal
6. Institutional intelligence
5. Competence

11. Core Characteristics of Popular and Self-serving Leader
1. Commitment to public interest
1. Commitment to public interest
2. Incorruptibility
2. Incorruptibility
4. Experimentation
3. Consistency of goal
6. Institutional intelligence
5. Competence

12. Core Characteristics of Integrity Builder
1. Commitment to public interest
2. Incorruptibility
4. Experimentation
3. Consistency of goal
6. Institutional intelligence
5. Competence

13. Integrity Building Approaches
A lawyer’s approach
Toughening laws & legislations
A businessman’s approach
Offering incentives to officials to disengage from corruption (buy out corruption).
A market or an economist’s approach
Introduce or increase competition
An institutional approach
Genuine political/leadership commitment

14. Ethical Dilemma
Integrity builder is mostly demonstrated or required in the situation of ethical dilemma.
Ethical dilemma – How do you describe it ?
Any situation you have encountered in your professional life ?

15. An ethical dilemma is one in which a person has to choose between two options, both of which are morally correct but in conflict.
Ethics and morals are inseparable. They both deal with questions of right and wrong. What constitutes ethical behavior is determined by societal or cultural norms. What constitutes moral behavior is up to the individual to decide based on his own sense of right and wrong.

16. Ethical Decision Making
E:\Presentation at NASC\Decision Making\Ethical Dilemma_(360p).mp4

17. Ethical Framework for Decision Making
Five Sources of Ethical Standards for Decision Making
The Utilitarian Approach
The ethical action is the one that will produce the greatest balance of benefits over harms.
The Rights Approach The ethical action is the one that most dutifully respects the rights of all affected.
The Fairness or Justice Approach The ethical action is the one that treats people equally, or if unequally, that treats people proportionately and fairly.
The Common Good Approach The ethical action is the one that contributes most to the achievement of a quality common life together.
Virtue Approach
The ethical action is the one that embodies the habits and values of humans at their best.

18. The utilitarian approach
Which option will produce the most good and do the least harm?
The rights approach
Which option best respects the rights of all stakeholders?
The fairness or justice approach
Which option treats people equally or proportionately?
The common good approach
Which option best serves the community as a whole, not just some members?
The virtue approach
Which option leads me to act as the sort of person I want to be?

19. Forethought….
We encountered lots of ethical dilemma in our everyday life, but when we make decision we need to follow/base on an appropriate approach.

20. Integrity building: compliance v/s integrity
When going on the journey of integrity leader has to choose various approaches
Based on compliance (reactive and proactive)
Based on integrity building (reactive and proactive)

21. Compliance Approach
 A Compliance Approach to reducing corruption and/or solving integrity or ethical challenges is characterized by being: • Rules-based • Focused mainly on the application and enforcement of rules and procedures • Adversarial: naming, shaming, litigation • Problem-focused • Less Discretion

22. Integrity Approach:
 The Integrity Approach to reducing corruption and/or solving integrity or ethical challenges is characterised by being: • Values-based • Aware of discrepancies between policies, rules and laws, and actual implementation of them • Collaboration-focused to get violators to fix the problems by working with integrity, using conflict resolution methods, especially alternative dispute resolution methods . • Solution-focused • More discretion.

23. Integrity vs Compliance
Reactive Proactive
Compliance training
Integrity testing
Zero tolerance policy
Code of Conduct
Business Collective Action
Supplier “white lists”
Rewards to whistle-blowers
Integrity Pact
Medium return, Medium risk
Community Integrity Building
Multi-stakeholder initiatives with oversight
Integrity as competitive differentiator
Holistic/step change
High return, High risk
The Integrity Pact, developed by Transparency International, is a tool for preventing corruption, mainly used in public contracting. It is essentially an agreement between the government agency offering a contract and the companies bidding for it, that they will abstain from bribery, collusion and other corrupt practices for the extent of the contract.  Most Integrity Pacts rely on digitally-based procedures to prevent direct contact between bidders with their bids, and the persons involved in the decision-making process.  To ensure accountability, Integrity Pacts also include a monitoring system typically led by civil society or other external groups.
Ethics advice center
Ethics officer
Code of Ethics
Compliance-plus ethics
Low return, Low risk
Whistle-blower hotline
Whistle-blower protection
Supplier “black lists”
Low return, Low risk
Compliance Integrity
Adopted from Integrity Action

24. Integrity vs Compliance
Reactive Proactive
Compliance training
Integrity testing
Zero tolerance policy
Code of Conduct
Business Collective Action
Supplier “white lists”
Rewards to whistle-blowers
Integrity Pact
Medium return, Medium risk
Community Integrity Building
Multi-stakeholder initiatives with oversight
Integrity as competitive differentiator
Holistic/step change
High return, High risk
Ethics advice center
Ethics officer
Code of Ethics
Compliance-plus ethics
Low return, Low risk
Whistle-blower hotline
Whistle-blower protection
Supplier “black lists”
Low return, Low risk
Compliance Integrity
Adopted from Integrity Action

25. Integrity vs Compliance
Reactive Proactive
Compliance training
Integrity testing
Zero tolerance policy
Code of Conduct
Business Collective Action
Supplier “white lists”
Rewards to whistle-blowers
Integrity Pact
Medium return, Medium risk
Compliance training
Integrity testing
Zero tolerance policy
Code of Conduct
Business Collective Action
Supplier “white lists”
Rewards to whistle-blowers
Integrity Pact
Medium return, Medium risk
Community Integrity Building
Multi-stakeholder initiatives with oversight
Integrity as competitive differentiator
Holistic/step change
High return, High risk
Community Integrity Building
Multi-stakeholder initiatives with oversight
Integrity as competitive differentiator
Holistic/step change
High return, High risk
Ethics advice center
Ethics officer
Code of Ethics
Compliance-plus ethics
Low return, Low risk
Whistle-blower hotline
Whistle-blower protection
Supplier “black lists”
Low return, Low risk
Compliance Integrity
Adopted from Integrity Action

26. Integrity vs Compliance
Reactive Proactive
Compliance training
Integrity testing
Zero tolerance policy
Code of Conduct
Business Collective Action
Supplier “white lists”
Rewards to whistle-blowers
Integrity Pact
Medium return, Medium risk
Compliance training
Integrity testing
Zero tolerance policy
Code of Conduct
Business Collective Action
Supplier “white lists”
Rewards to whistle-blowers
Integrity Pact
Medium return, Medium risk
Community Integrity Building
Multi-stakeholder initiatives with oversight
Integrity as competitive differentiator
Holistic/step change
High return, High risk
Community Integrity Building
Multi-stakeholder initiatives with oversight
Integrity as competitive differentiator
Holistic/step change
High return, High risk
Ethics advice center
Ethics officer
Code of Ethics
Compliance-plus ethics
Low return, Low risk
Ethics advice center
Ethics officer
Code of Ethics
Compliance-plus ethics
Low return, Low risk
Whistle-blower hotline
Whistle-blower protection
Supplier “black lists”
Low return, Low risk
Whistle-blower hotline
Whistle-blower protection
Supplier “black lists”
Low return, Low risk
Compliance Integrity
Adopted from Integrity Action

27. Integrity vs Compliance
Reactive Proactive
Compliance training
Integrity testing
Zero tolerance policy
Code of Conduct
Business Collective Action
Supplier “white lists”
Rewards to whistle-blowers
Integrity Pact
Medium return, Medium risk
Community Integrity Building
Multi-stakeholder initiatives with oversight
Integrity as competitive differentiator
Holistic/step change
High return, High risk
The Integrity Pact, developed by Transparency International, is a tool for preventing corruption, mainly used in public contracting. It is essentially an agreement between the government agency offering a contract and the companies bidding for it, that they will abstain from bribery, collusion and other corrupt practices for the extent of the contract.  Most Integrity Pacts rely on digitally-based procedures to prevent direct contact between bidders with their bids, and the persons involved in the decision-making process.  To ensure accountability, Integrity Pacts also include a monitoring system typically led by civil society or other external groups.
Ethics advice center
Ethics officer
Code of Ethics
Compliance-plus ethics
Low return, Low risk
Whistle-blower hotline
Whistle-blower protection
Supplier “black lists”
Low return, Low risk
Compliance Integrity
Adopted from Integrity Action

28. Conclusion No single way or quadrants is enough.
But everyone base their action based on one way and move to and fro.
Integrity leader based their efforts being on reactive compliance to proactive integrity and Integrity builder based their approach based on proactive integrity and use reactive compliance as on means when necessary.

29. Thank you

30. Feature of integrity leader
1. Justice
An integrity leader is always fair and just. They have no favorites, and treat everyone equally. Under an integrity leader, no employee has any reason to fear biased treatment on the basis of gender, ethnicity, nationality, or any other factor.
2. Respect others
One of the most important traits of integrity leadership is the respect that is given to followers..

31. 3. Honesty
It goes without saying that anyone who is ethical will also be honest and loyal. Honesty is particularly important to be an effective ethical leader, because followers trust honest and dependable leaders.
4. Humane
Being humane is one of the most revealing traits of a leader who is ethical and moral. Integrity leaders place importance in being kind, and act in a manner that is always beneficial to the team.

32. 5. Focus on teambuilding
Integrity leaders foster a sense of community and team spirit within the organization. When an integrity leader strives to achieve goals, it is not just personal goals that they’re concerned about.
6. Value driven decision-making
In integrity leadership, all decisions are first checked to ensure that they are in accordance with the overall organizational values.
7. Encourages initiative
Under an integrity leader, employees thrive and flourish. Employees are rewarded for coming up with innovative ideas, and are encouraged to do what it takes to improve the way things are done.

33. 8. Leadership by example
Ethical leadership is not just about talking the talk, this type of leader also walks the walk.
9. Values awareness
An ethical leader will regularly discuss the high values and expectations that they place on themselves, other employees, and the organization.
10. No tolerance for ethical violations
An ethical leader expects employees to do the right thing at all times, not just when it is convenient for them.