1. Sexual Reproduction
When organisms sexually reproduce, genetic information is passed on from each parent.
Mother chromosome pair
Father chromosome pair
Child chromosome pair + =
One DNA chromosome from each pair is inherited from each biological parent and the new pair will not be identical to either parent.
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2. Heredity Traits
The characteristics that are passed on from one generation to the next are called heredity traits. For example, hair color.
Generation 1
Mother
Father + =
This genetic mixing results in more diverse offspring.
Generation 2
Sibling 1
Sibling 2 +
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3. Asexual Reproduction
Some individuals produce offspring that contain exactly the same genetic information as itself.
This type of reproduction is known as asexual reproduction.
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4. Asexual Reproduction
Asexual reproduction is most common in plants, for example a strawberry plant that produces runners to make new plants.
This lack of mixing of genes produces more uniform offspring than sexual reproduction.
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5. Asexual Reproduction
Asexual reproduction does occur in some animals too (for example starfish and flatworms).
Offspring that are genetically identical to each other and the parent organism are called clones.
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6. Question 1
What is the passing of genetic instructions from one generation to the next known as?
A) Allele transfer
B) Genetic transfer
C) Heredity
D) Heredity traits
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7. Question 1
What is the passing of genetic instructions from one generation to the next known as?
A) Allele transfer
B) Genetic transfer
C) Heredity
D) Heredity traits
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8. Advantages of Asexual Reproduction
Asexual reproduction helps to preserve advantageous traits, such as resistance to disease.
Asexual reproduction in plants is useful for farmers; they can choose crops that will be protected against disease or grow larger.
For example, potatoes, raspberries, bananas and pineapples.
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9. Advantages of Asexual Reproduction
As the offspring produced are clones of the parent, crops grown in following years will also have the same advantageous traits.
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10. Advantages of Sexual Reproduction
Sexual reproduction produces far greater variation between individuals than asexual reproduction.
It produces offspring that inherit traits from both parents, although they are not identical to either parent.
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11. Advantages of Sexual Reproduction
Species that reproduce sexually are generally better able to adapt to changing environments.
This is because species that reproduce sexually can evolve to promote advantageous genetic characteristics.
Beaks of some finches have changed to help them be better able to eat the food sources available.
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12. Question 2 Offspring that result from asexual reproduction…
A) …are genetically identical to the parent organism.
B) …are more uniform due to the lack of genetic mixing.
C) …are called clones.
D) All of the above
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13. Question 2 Offspring that result from asexual reproduction…
A) …are genetically identical to the parent organism.
B) …are more uniform due to the lack of genetic mixing.
C) …are called clones.
D) All of the above
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14. Question 3
“Genes store the information that causes heredity traits to pass from one generation to the next."
Is this statement true or false?
Answer true or false.
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15. Question 3
“Genes store the information that causes heredity traits to pass from one generation to the next."
Is this statement true or false?
Answer true or false.
True
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16. Summary In this presentation you have seen:
how traits are passed from one generation to another
uniform and diverse offspring resulting from asexual and sexual reproduction
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