1. The molecule of heredity
DNA
The
molecule of
heredity

2. __________ = passing on of characteristics from parents to offspring
How? _____
HEREDITY
DNA!

3. DNA

4. I. DNA, Chromosomes, Chromatin and Genes
______ = blueprint of life (has the instructions for making an organism)
___________ = uncoiled DNA
______________ = coiled DNA
Chromatin
Chromosome

5. 46
You have ___ chromosomes or ___ pairs in the ________ of each body cell.
_____ from Mom and _____ from Dad 23
nucleus 23 23

6. Gene
_______ = a segment of DNA that codes for a protein, which in turn codes for a trait (skin tone, eye color, etc); a gene is a stretch of DNA.
There is a gene for every protein your body has to make.

7. Deoxyribonucleic Acid Located in the ___________________
II. DNA
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
Located in the ___________________
Codes for your _______
_____________
discovered DNA in 1928
nucleus of the cell
genes
Frank Griffith

8. A. Shape and Structure Nitrogen bases DNA nucleotide components:
1. _____________ (simple sugar)
2. ___________
_______
3. _______________
(A,T,C,G)
Deoxyribose
Phosphate group
Nitrogen bases

9. Shaped similar to a twisted ladder . . . therefore . . . ____________ !
The uprights of this ladder are composed of ____________ and ___________________
double helix
phosphates
deoxyribose sugar

10. DNA
The rungs are composed of 2 bases (a purine and pyrimidine) joined at the center by weak __________ bonds.
hydrogen

11. DNA
_________ = adenine (A) and guanine (G)
_____________ = thymine (T) and cytosine (C)
Purines
Pyrimidines

12. B. Base Pairing
1950’s: __Chargaff___discovered that A always bonds with T and C bonds with G in equal amounts.. Known as Chargaff’s Rules of Base Pairing.

13. DNA
_________ and _________ are complementary. They both require ___ hydrogen bonds.
__________ and _________ are complementary. They both require ___ hydrogen bonds.
Adenine
thymine 2
Cytosine
guanine 3

14. __________ of bases determines the genetic information and is unique to each organism.
If the organisms are closely related the more _______ the DNA nucleotide sequence will be.
Sequence
alike

15. The rungs of the ladder can occur in any order (as long as the ______________ is followed).
If the order of base pairs in a DNA molecule is changed what might occur?
base-pair rule
MUTATIONS!

16. DNA is made of a ________ strand of nucleotides.
The DNA from each side is ________________ to the other side.
double
complementary

17. If you know the sequence of one side you can determine the sequence of the other side.

18. What is the complementary strand to this DNA molecule?
A A T C G T A C C G A T T T A G C A T G G C T A