1. Introduction to Matter
Properties of Matter

2. Review: What is Matter? Matter: anything that has mass and volume
Mass – the in something
Volume – the something occupies
Think: which of the following is matter? (Put an M beside terms that are matter):
A car - Dust
Time - Air
You - Pain
Sound - Calcium
Heat -Light
Water - Gravity
Hydrogen - A desk
Thunder -Energy
Lightning - A rainbow

3. What is a property?
When observing and describing matter, we often note properties of matter…
Property: a characteristic of
a that can be
2 Types: Physical and Chemical Properties

4. Physical Properties
Physical property: a property that can be observed changing the of the substance.
Often used to things
Examples: color, shape, mass, melting
point, point, , solubility, and specific heat.

5. Special Physical Properties
Melting point: the temperature at which a substance changes from a to a at a given pressure
water =
Boiling point: the temperature at which a substance changes from a to a at a given pressure
These characteristics are the for pure substances regardless of mass or volume!

6. Special Physical Properties
Density is the amount of per unit
of , D=
Density can be used to identify a substance.
Water’s density is

7. Chemical Properties
Chemical property: a property that can only be observed by of the substance
Examples:
flammability
ability to rust
reactivity (like with vinegar)

8. THINK!
Classify the following as either chemical or physical properties: (Label each with C or P)
Is shiny
Melts easily
Has a density of 2.3 g/cm3
Tarnishes in moist air
Does not react with hydrogen
Reacts with water
Boils at 100oC
Is red
Is a good conductor of heat

9. THINK!
Compare and contrast Physical and Chemical Properties.

10. Changes of Matter
EVERYTHING changes… how would you define ‘change’ in your own words?
In science, we say change is

11. Knowing the difference between a physical property and a chemical property makes it easier to differentiate between a physical and chemical change….
Any guesses?

12. Physical Change
Physical change: a change that occurs that does not change the identity of the substance
( )
Affects the physical properties of a substance
Examples:
Melting ice
Freezing Kool-aid
Tearing paper

13. Chemical Change
Chemical change: a change that occurs causing the identity of the substance to change (the chemical structure is altered)
Soured milk
Effervescent tablets (Alka Seltzer)
A chemical change is called a

14. Chemical Change
Chemical Change: Changes the chemical makeup of the substance ( )
Can’t be undone or by physical changes
Indicators of a chemical change:
Presence of light
Presence of heat
Presence of a gas
Color change
Formation of a precipitate (formation of a solid from liquids)

15. THINK!
Classify the following as either physical or chemical changes: (Label each P or C)
Mixing sugar in lemonade
Plants using CO2 and H2O to form O2 and sugar
Boiling water
Frying an egg
Rust forming on metal
Fruit rotting
Separating salt and water by evaporation

16. THINK!
What’s the difference between a property of matter and a change of matter (i.e. what is the difference between a physical property and a physical change)?