1. Part 2
Chapter 24

2. Gospel of Wealth Written by Carnegie
Rich should donate to causes which improve society
Plutocracy – government controlled by wealthy
Social Darwinism
“Natural Selection”
God chose them to be wealthy

3. Sherman Anti-trust Act
1890
Attempt to break up and
Limit monopolies
Law was ineffective
Loopholes
All trusts suffered

4. American Tobacco Company
James Buchanan Duke
1890
Machine made cigarettes

5. Southern industry setback
Railroads charged more shipping North then south
“Pittsburgh plus”
Steel from south charged large fee, no matter where it was shipped
Cotton
Northern capital created cotton mills
Paid low wages

6. Economy Agriculture -> Manufacturing Wage earning Women Workers
Typewriter
Telephone switchboard

7. Unions Contested wages, hours, and conditions
National Labor Union (1866)
600,000 members
Colored National Labor Union
Knights of Labor (1861; secret till 1881)
Terence Powderly
All workers in one union
Economic and social reform
American Federation of Labor (AFL – 1886)
Samuel Gompers
Included only skilled workers
Association of Unions
Focused on 8 hr day, higher wages

8. Haymarket Square Fire Chicago 1886 Rally of striking workers
Dynamite Bomb
8 anarchists convicted
Blamed on Knights of Labor

9. Cripple Creek Strike (1894)
8hr $3/hr  10hr $3 or 8hr $2.50/hr
Western Federation of Miners
State militia supported strikers

10. Pullman Strike (1894) Pullman Palace Car Company
American Railway Union (Eugene V. Debs)
Across country they refuse to hook up Pullman Cars, all rail traffic comes to stop
To push govt into action, owners attach US Mail cars forcing Pres, Cleveland to say…
Workers were violating laws protecting interstate commerce by stopping U.S. Mail
In re Debs (1895)- fed govt gives employers ability to destroy labor unions

11. Pullman Strike