1. Cell Membrane and Transportation
…because cellular teleportation isn’t real

2. Create a 3D model of the picture above AND Label the following parts on your model:
Phospholipid Bilayer
Hydrophilic Heads
Hydrophobic Tails
Cholesterol
Integral Proteins
Glycolipids
Glycoproteins
Peripheral proteins

3. Draw a Cell Membrane in your IAN Notebook.
Be sure to LABEL all of the parts listed below:
Phospholipid Bilayer
Hydrophilic Heads
Hydrophobic Tails
Cholesterol
Integral Proteins
Glycolipids
Glycoproteins
Peripheral proteins

4. Function/Purpose 1) Controls what goes in/out of the cell
(is semipermeable or selectively permeable)
Also acts as a barrier to keep the internal metabolism/reactions separate from the outside
Responsible for Cell to Cell communication

5. Structure Cell membrane is made of phospholipids
Has 2 layers so it is referred to as a phospholipid bilayer

6. Structure
Phospholipids have a polar/hydrophilic head and nonpolar/ hydrophobic tail. This causes the double membrane to have a hydrophobic environment on the inside and hydrophilic surfaces on both sides outside

7. Structure
Proteins are scattered throughout the cell membrane, there are 2 types:
Peripheral: proteins that only attach to one side of the membrane and do not go all the way across
Integral: proteins that span from one side of the membrane to the other

8. Fluid Mosaic Model
The Fluid Mosaic Model states that the cell membrane is like an ocean of phospholipids and proteins, they are able to move around freely

9. There are 2 types of Transport, ACTIVE and PASSIVE.
Transportation
The integral proteins in the cell membrane transport things into and out of the cell in two different ways based on the concentration gradient.
Molecules will naturally travel from where there is a high amount to where there is a low amount
There are 2 types of Transport, ACTIVE and PASSIVE.

10. Passive Transport
Molecules move from High Concentration to Low Concentration on their own with No Energy
Since molecules naturally go from where there is more to where there is less, this does NOT require energy (ATP)

11. 3 Types of Passive Transport
Diffusion – molecules travel down the concentration gradient through the cell membrane (like O2 and CO2)
The rate of diffusion can be affected by:
temperature
agitation (mixing/stirring)
particle size
concentration difference
pressure

12. Types of Passive Transport
Facilitated Diffusion – molecules go down the concentration gradient using transport proteins
Channel Proteins – tunnels that molecules can pass through
Carrier Proteins – proteins open and close to transport molecules

13. Types of Passive Transport
Osmosis – water moves across the cell membrane, very important to maintain homeostasis
The water moves to dilute the side with a higher concentration of particles

14. Passive Transport
All passive transport tries to achieve dynamic equilibrium (when the molecule to solution ratio is equal on both side) This is to preserve HOMEOSTASIS!
1 molecule
per ounce
3 molecules
per ounce
2 molecules
per ounce
2 molecules
per ounce

15. Active Transport
Molecules move from Low Concentration to High Concentration with help and MUST use Energy
ATP
ATP
Since molecules naturally go from where there is more to where there is less, forcing them to do the opposite requires energy (ATP)

16. 2 Types of Active Transport
Protein Pump – Protein that uses energy (ATP) to transport molecules against their concentration gradient
Example: Na+/K+ Pump (Sodium-Potassium Pump)
out in

17. Types of Active Transport
2. Vesicular Transport - Bulk Transport using vesicles
A. Endocytosis – Cell takes in molecules by making a membrane bubble around it
I) Phagocytosis – cell eating II) Pinocytosis – cell drinking

18. Types of Active Transport
B. Exocytosis – Cell gets rid of molecules by fusing a membrane bubble to the cell membrane