1. Protists are unicellular organisms that have a nucleus.
Kingdom: Protista

2. Similar to Bacteria Same Unicellular
One of the first groups of living things on Earth. (1.5 billion years ago.)
Microscopic
Can cause disease.
Can be parasites
Same

3. Difference from Bacteria
Has a nucleus.
Live in watery environment.
Generally live as individual cells.
Protists vary greatly in appearance and function.
Different

4. 3 Categories I. Animal-like Protists. II. Plant-like Protists.
III. Fungus-like Protists.

5. I. Animal-like Protists
Protozoan means “First Animal”.
Cells contain a nucleus.
Cells lack a cell wall.
They are heterotrophs.
Most can move on their own.
Little Animals

6. 4 Groups of Animal-like Protists
1. Sarcodines (SAHR-koh-dighnz)
2. Ciliates (SIHL-ee-ihts)
3. Flagellates (FLAJ- ehl-ihts)
4. Sporozoans (spohr-oh-ZOH-uhnz)

7. 1. Sarcodines Have pseudopods (Greek:“false foot”)
Extensions of the cell membrane and cytoplasm.
Pseudopods are used for movement and to capture food.
Many have shells.
These shells form limestone, marble and chalk.

8. One type: Amoeba Most familiar Sarcodine. Pseudopods: Blob shaped.
Contractile Vacuoles: controls amount of water inside
Food Vacuole: where food is digested.

9. Split Personality
Amebas reproduce by dividing into two new cells (binary fission).
Amebas can respond to their environment.
They are sensitive to light and some chemicals.

10. 2. Ciliates Have cilia on the outside of their cells.
Tiny hair-like projections used for movement, to gather food and as feelers.

11. Type: Paramecium Pellicle: tough outer wall. Slipper shaped
Oral groove: like the mouth
Gullet: holds food.
Food Vacuole: digests food.
Anal Pore: removes wastes
2 Contractile Vacuoles
2 Nuclei
Reproduces by either binary fission or conjugation.
Type: Paramecium

12. 3. Flagellates (Zooflagellates)
Have a Flagellum: a long whip-like structure used for movement.
Many live in animals
Symbiosis a close relationship, at least one benefits.
Mutualism: when both partners benefit.

13. 4. Sporozoans All Sporozans are parasites.
They feed on cells and body fluids.
Form from Spores (tiny reproductive cells).
Pass from one host to another.
Pass from ticks, mosquitoes or other animals to humans.

14. II. Plant-like Protists (Algae)
Unicellular and Multicellular
Colonies (groups of unicellular protists)
Can move on their own
Autotrophs: make their own food from simple materials using light energy (photosynthesis).
70% of the Earth’s oxygen is produced by Plant-like Protists!
Pigments: chemicals that produce color

15. 6 Groups of Plant like Protists
Euglenoids (yoo-GLEE-noydz)
Diatoms (DIGH-ah-tahmz)
Dinoflagellates (digh-noh-FLAJ-eh-layts)
Red Algae
Green Algae
Brown Algae

16. 1. Euglenoids Green Unicellular Live in fresh water
Autotrophs, but can be heterotrophs under certain conditions.
Flagella
Eyespot: sensitive to light.
Chloroplasts
Pellicle

17. 2. Diatoms Unicellular 10,000 living species. Aquatic
Glass like cell wall
Diatomaceous earth: course powder that comes from dead diatoms (toothpaste, car polish & reflective paint.

18. 3. Dinoflagellates Unicellular Cell walls are like plates of armor.
Two flagella
Spins when it moves.
Colorful (pigments)
Can glow in the dark.
Causes Red Tide

19. Red Algae Multicellular seaweeds Live in deep ocean waters
Used for ice cream and hair conditioner
Used as food in Asia

20. Green Algae Most are unicellular Some form colonies
Few are multicellular
Can live in fresh and salt water and on land in damp places.
Very closely related to green plants.

21. Brown Algae Commonly called seaweed
Can contain brown, green, yellow, orange and black pigments.
Attach to rocks
Have air bladders
Giant Kelp can be 100 meters long!
Used as food thickeners

22. III. Fungus-like Protists
Heterotrophs
Have cell walls.
Many have flagella and are able to move at some point in their lives.
Three types: Slime Molds, Water & Downy Molds
Reproduce with Spores (tiny cell that is able to grow into a new organism)

23. Water & Downy Molds Live in water or moist places.
Tiny threads that look like fuzz.
Attack food crops
Caused the Irish Potato Famine.

24. Type: Slime Molds Reproduce by Fruiting Bodies:
The Fruiting Bodies contain Spores.
At first they look like ameba, then later they look like mold.
Live on moist shady places.
Feed on bacteria and other microorganisms.

25. Created by Mrs. Scibelli
From Bacteria to Plants: Prentice Hall, 2007
Google Images
Created by Mrs. Scibelli