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CELL GROWTH & DIVISION 10-2
Image from: CELL GROWTH & DIVISION 10-2 Image by Riedell
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CELL DIVISION in PROKARYOTES
Bacteria reproduce using __________________________________ BINARY FISSION
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CELL CYCLE ______________ = series of events that cells go through as they grow and develop cells alive cell cycle
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CELL CYCLE INTERPHASE – non-dividing phase
G1- Grow bigger Cell is “doing its job” DNA is spread out as chromatin S - Synthesis (copy DNA) & chromosomal proteins G2- Grow bigger, make organelles & molecules needed for cell division
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CELL DIVISION MITOSIS – Nuclear division Prophase Metaphase Anaphase
Telophase Cytokinesis – Cytoplasm divides G0 – cell stops dividing (Ex: nerve cell)
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Figure 10–4 The Cell Cycle Section 10-2 G1 phase M phase S phase
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INTERPHASE (G1 - S - G2) Can’t see chromosomes
In between divisions Cells are in this phase most of the time Can see nucleus DNA spread out as chromatin Can’t see chromosomes DNA gets copied (S) Cell gets ready to divide
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PROPHASE 1st dividing phase DNA scrunches into chromosomes
Pearson Education Inc publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall PROPHASE 1st dividing phase DNA scrunches into chromosomes Centrioles appear in centrosome region & move to poles Nuclear membrane & nucleolus disappear Spindle fibers form & attach to chromosomes
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________ region organizes spindle
CENTROSOME Spindle MICROTUBULES are part of cytoskeleton
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METAPHASE Chromosomes line up in ___________ middle
Images from: Pearson Eduction Ince; Publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall
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ANAPHASE Centromeres split Centrioles pull chromatids_______ apart
Images from: Pearson Eduction Ince; Publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall
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two TELOPHASE (reverse prophase steps) See ______ nuclei
Nuclear membrane & nucleolus return Chromosomes spread out as chromatin Centrioles disappear Spindle fibers disappear Images from: Pearson Eduction Ince; Publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall
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CYTOKINESIS Cytoplasm splits into 2 cells CLEAVAGE FURROW
ANIMAL CELLS pinch cytoplasm in two with a ______________________ CLEAVAGE FURROW
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CYTOKINESIS Cytoplasm splits into 2 cells
PLANT CELLS can’t pinch because they have a sturdy ____________ Plant cells separate cytoplasm by growing a _______________ down the middle. CELL WALL CELL PLATE
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Figure 10–5 Mitosis and Cytokinesis
Section 10-2 Spindle forming Centrioles Chromatin Centromere Nuclear envelope Centriole Chromosomes (paired chromatids) Interphase Prophase Spindle Cytokinesis Centriole Metaphase Telophase Individual chromosomes Anaphase Nuclear envelope reforming
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Figure 10–5 Mitosis and Cytokinesis
Section 10-2 Spindle forming Centrioles Chromatin Centromere Nuclear envelope Centriole Chromosomes (paired chromatids) Interphase Prophase Spindle Cytokinesis Centriole Metaphase Telophase Individual chromosomes Anaphase Nuclear envelope reforming
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Figure 10–5 Mitosis and Cytokinesis
Section 10-2 Spindle forming Centrioles Chromatin Centromere Nuclear envelope Centriole Chromosomes (paired chromatids) Interphase Prophase Spindle Cytokinesis Centriole Metaphase Telophase Individual chromosomes Anaphase Nuclear envelope reforming
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Figure 10–5 Mitosis and Cytokinesis
Section 10-2 Spindle forming Centrioles Chromatin Centromere Nuclear envelope Centriole Chromosomes (paired chromatids) Interphase Prophase Spindle Cytokinesis Centriole Metaphase Telophase Individual chromosomes Anaphase Nuclear envelope reforming
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Figure 10–5 Mitosis and Cytokinesis
Section 10-2 Spindle forming Centrioles Chromatin Centromere Nuclear envelope Centriole Chromosomes (paired chromatids) Interphase Prophase Spindle Cytokinesis Centriole Metaphase Telophase Individual chromosomes Anaphase Nuclear envelope reforming
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Figure 10–5 Mitosis and Cytokinesis
Section 10-2 Spindle forming Centrioles Chromatin Centromere Nuclear envelope Centriole Chromosomes (paired chromatids) Interphase Prophase Spindle Cytokinesis Centriole Metaphase Telophase Individual chromosomes Anaphase Nuclear envelope reforming
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Concept Map Cell Cycle Section 10-2 includes is divided into
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Concept Map Cell Cycle Section 10-2 includes M phase (Mitosis)
Interphase is divided into is divided into G1 phase S phase Prophase G2 phase Metaphase Telophase Anaphase
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SOUTH DAKOTA CORE SCIENCE STANDARDS
LIFE SCIENCE: Indicator 1: Understand the fundamental structures, functions, classifications, and mechanisms found in living things 9-12.L Students are able to relate cellular functions and processes to specialized structures within cells. Transport (ANALYSIS) cell membranes, homeostasis Cell life cycles (ANALYSIS) Examples: somatic cells (mitosis)
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Core High School Life Science Performance Descriptors
High school students performing at the ADVANCED level: predict the function of a given structure; predict the outcome of changes in the cell cycle; predict how homeostasis is maintained within living systems; PROFICIENT level: describe the relationship between structure and function explain how homeostasis is maintained within living systems; compare and contrast the cell cycles in somatic and germ cells; BASIC level recognize that different structures perform different functions define homeostasis; describe the life cycle of somatic cells;
