1. To Kill a Mockingbird
An introduction

2. Nell Harper lee Born on April 28, 1926 in Monroeville, Alabama
Died on February 19th, 2016

3. Biography Her parents names were Amasa and Francis Finch Lee
Her father was a lawyer
She was a tom boy and stood up for herself and others (including her best friend, Truman)

4. Biography Studied at Huntington College in Montgomery
For one year, she studied at Oxford University as a Fullbright Scholar (an American scholarship program for international exchanges)
Studied law at the University of Alabama from , but withdrew from the program, never completing her law degree
Moved to New York City in 1950 and worked as an airline clerk until she quit to pursue writing as a career

5. TKAM TKAM was written in 1959, but was first published in 1960
Originally intended to be a series of short stories, but she rewrote the story into a novel
Not just a coming-of-age story (a story that focuses on the development of the protagonist from youth to adulthood), but a story with the purpose of gaining justice and equality for African Americans
Lee won the Pulitzer Prize in 1961 for her first novel
Voted best novel of the century in 1999

6. Controversy In 2015, Lee’s novel Go Set a Watchman was published
The manuscript for this novel was found years after it was written, and it is unclear if Lee wanted to publish the novel
Some concern that family members made the decision for her

7. The declaration of independence
Equality?
The declaration of independence

8. The declaration of independence march 4th, 1776
“We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.”
Retrieved from:
13 May 2015.

9. Slavery and its origins

10. Social and racial inequality
the Emancipation Proclamation of 1863 freed slaves and the 13th Amendment to the American constitution in 1865 formally abolished (put an end to) slavery
but, it wasn’t until 1868 and a subsequent amendment to the constitution (14th) that all people born in the US were granted citizenship

11. Abolition of slavery: Emancipation Proclamation, 1863
Jan. 31, 1865:
13th Amendment to the US Constitution: Abolition of Slavery
Excerpt:
Initially, the Civil War between North and South was fought by the North to prevent the secession [withdrawal from the union] of the Southern states and preserve the Union. Even though sectional conflicts over slavery had been a major cause of the war, ending slavery was not a goal of the war. That changed on September 22, 1862, when President Lincoln issued his Preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, which stated that slaves in those states or parts of states still in rebellion as of January 1, 1863, would be declared free. One hundred days later, with the rebellion unabated, President issued the Emancipation Proclamation declaring “that all persons held as slaves” within the rebellious areas “are, and henceforward shall be free.”
Retrieved from: 13 May 2015.

12. Separate, but equal
1896: Ferguson Supreme Court decision would give African Americans equal rights, but they would be kept separate from white Americans, such as schools being either black schools or white schools
1954: Supreme Court banned “separate, but equal” approach to public education
However, people continued to have racist beliefs and act in a discriminatory way against African Americans

13. Civil rights movements
1955: Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat on the bus to a white woman
Many protests and the Civil Rights movement followed ( )
The March on Washington Civil Rights Protest took place on August 28th, 1963 and included Martin Luther King, Jr’s “I Have a Dream” speech

14. Martin luther king jr. “I Have a Dream”
..\..\..\..\Videos\Martin Luther King - I Have a Dream on August 28, 1963 [Sous-titres & Subtitles] [FULL SPEECH].mp4

15. See Scottsboro case…
To be continued…

16. Epigraph A quote that precedes a book, chapter, or a poem
The purpose is to suggest something about the theme or atmosphere
“Lawyers, I suppose, were children once.”
~ Charles Lamb

17. Epigraph’s meaning? What do you think the epigraph means?
Discuss in your groups.
Choose a presenter to share the results of your discussion.

18. In medias res TKAM starts “in medias res” or in the middle of things
The story begins with Scout speaking as an adult, introducing the story
Scout’s perspective as a child narrates the events that lead up to her older brother, Jem, breaking his arm
The story is told using present tense which creates