1. Unternehmensgruppe Fürst von Hohenzollern
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Unternehmensgruppe Fürst von Hohenzollern
FORST

2. Structure of the Forest holding:
ha forests in Baden-Württemberg + Bavaria
5 districts / 3 professional hunters / 21 forest workers
Fellling rate m³
Tree species:
spruce 48 / fir 7 / larch-Douglas fir-pine 6 = 61% conifers
beech 21 /noble hardwood 11 /oak-SLh 8 = 39% hardwood
Growing stock: 335 solid cubic metre/ha
Forests and Natura Brussels
Hohenzollern-FORST Raimund Friderichs

3. Hohenzollern-FORST Raimund Friderichs
Strategic Goals
Goal: In the long term viable, commendable forest holding
Basis: Trust!
Owner ←→ Manager ←→ Staff
Credo: Only that what is ecologically correct in the long-term serves the economy
Forests and Natura Brussels
Hohenzollern-FORST Raimund Friderichs

4. Fürst von Hohenzollern-FORST
Ecological operating forest holding
Permanent marking of habitat trees and dead wood (since 2004)
Targeted protection of black stork, stock pigeon, eagle owl, capercaillie, lynx
Voluntary rewetting of bogs on more than 100 ha
Forests and Natura Brussels
Hohenzollern-FORST Raimund Friderichs

5. Hohenzollern-FORST Raimund Friderichs
Forests and Natura Brussels
Hohenzollern-FORST Raimund Friderichs

6. Hohenzollern-FORST Raimund Friderichs
Forests and Natura Brussels
Hohenzollern-FORST Raimund Friderichs

7. Affectedness by Nature protection:
Natura 2000:
FFH: ha = 12%
SPA: ha = 7%
NCA/LCA:
Nature conservation areas: ha = 2%
Landscape conservation areas: ha = 37%
Other categories of protection forests:
Soil protection forest: ha = 14%
Climate protection forest: ha = 2 %
Forest biotopes: ha = 4%
Water protection areas: ha = 15 %
Recreation forests: ha = 10%
Forests and Natura Brussels
Hohenzollern-FORST Raimund Friderichs

8. FFH- / SPA- areas South west alp
Forests and Natura Brussels
Hohenzollern-FORST Raimund Friderichs

9. FFH-area upper Danube valley
Forests and Natura Brussels
Hohenzollern-FORST Raimund Friderichs

10. FFH-area upper Danube valley
Forests and Natura Brussels
Hohenzollern-FORST Raimund Friderichs

11. FFH-area upper Danube valley
Forest and Natura Brussels
Hohenzollern-FORST Raimund Friderichs

12. Operational experience with Natura 2000
Problem: „Deterioration ban“ is leading in practice to paralysis from fear!!!
What happens in a school class if the teacher suddenly articulates a deterioration ban?
→ The „best in class“ has to be kept in after school and has to do extra work if he changes for the worse – the „lazy guy“ however will be rewarded (eco points!) if he improves!
Necessary: Action guideline with scope for free development
Forests and Natura Brussels
Hohenzollern-FORST Raimund Friderichs

13. Operational experience with Natura 2000
First contacts: No concretions Scepticism/ opposition – from both sides!
After first meetings: open discussion factual critique / mutual cognition
After concretion (draft technical paper for forests): exchange of information Visit of planned measures/ implementation
Current: Pragmatic co-operation (Trust!) Courage instead of fear / Scientific advice/guidance
Problem: Planned measures need to be understood and implemented by the forest worker!
Forests and Natura Brussels
Hohenzollern-FORST Raimund Friderichs

14. Hohenzollern-FORST Raimund Friderichs
Operational experience with Natura 2000 Model „zone concept“ in the Danube valley
Zone concept
Traffic light colours:
NP-priority
Forestry extensive
Priority for forestry
Legal duty to maintain safety
has priority
Species separately
Included in maps
Trees marked
Forests and Natura Brussels
Hohenzollern-FORST Raimund Friderichs

15. Operational experience with Natura 2000
Advantage of zone concept:
Comprehensible + simple
Clear + comprehensive
Efficient !!!
Disadvantage zone concept:
Unique
Conclusion:
With the zone concept in the Danube valley the objectives of nature protection are reached far better than with the numerous management plans elsewhere that nobody reads or understands.
Forests and Natura Brussels
Hohenzollern-FORST Raimund Friderichs

16. Implementation and impacts
Problem:
Staff change (responsibility) in the forest holding
Specialisation (cartographer)
Information / participation
Time!!!
Interpretation by those responsible on local level
Federalism → EU – Germany – federal states – regional councils – district office – forest owner
Forests and Natura Brussels
Hohenzollern-FORST Raimund Friderichs

17. Implementation and impacts
Example for the problem federalism:
What happens, if in a holding a complex work order that is eagerly expected by the responsible person is passed on from person to person?
The work order is enriched with one´s own expectations and perceptions. At the end the result is completely different to the intended result!
Forests and Natura Brussels
Hohenzollern-FORST Raimund Friderichs

18. Implementation and impacts
Example for the federalism problem :
Argument: The federalism is taking the interests of the region into account – correct, but:
In each region the same benchmark has to apply! It can not be that „a pupil of a secondary modern school in Bavaria has a better educational background than a grammar school pupil in Hamburg“ →
Do we need PISA for Natura 2000?
Forests and Natura Brussels
Hohenzollern-FORST Raimund Friderichs

19. Implementation and impacts
Initially:
Commitment / co-operation / creativity
In the meantime:
Resignation / indifference / ignorance
In the future (as a consequence of the implementation):
Avoidance / equanimity / segregation
Forests and Natura Brussels
Hohenzollern-FORST Raimund Friderichs

20. Implementation and impacts
Compensation by Hohenzollern:
Natura 2000 accelerates undesired segregation
Support 50 €/ha
Only for „core areas“ (?not comprehensible?)
Volitional improvement is punished?
Money is „picked up“, within this frame measures are actively implemented (Leaving of dead wood/ islets of old trees ect.) → max. 73 ha
Forests and Natura Brussels
Hohenzollern-FORST Raimund Friderichs

21. Implementation and impacts
Compensation: € compensation/ annum
= 50 €/ha „core area“ (511 ha)
= 1,70 €/ha operational forest area! ( ha)
Opportunity costs of non-management:
350 €/ha/annum (Prof. Knoke, TUM) for beech, carefully estimated (Source: AFZ-Der Wald 18/2012, page Figure 3)
€ : 350 €/ha = 73 ha = 0,5% operational forest area
Discrepancy with view to the support in agriculture!
Forests and Natura Brussels
Hohenzollern-FORST Raimund Friderichs

22. Hohenzollern-FORST Raimund Friderichs
Questions
Would you ban a composer from the interpretation of his oeuvre?
Or would you dictate an artist the colours to use?
The most commendable forestry is taking place in Central Europe - basically: ecological land management!
Military training grounds and coal mining succession areas (extreme form of culture!) are the „hits“ with view to nature protection – and in forests???
Forests and Natura Brussels
Hohenzollern-FORST Raimund Friderichs

23. Conclusion – recommendations
Cultural landscape means, to compromise:
Environmental requirements can not be fulfilled in an optimal way taking into account at the same time economy, social concerns + culture
There would be a necessity for:
Local integration (multifunctional forestry; to use managed forests with care)
Global segregation (to protect genuine virgin forests)
Efficiency on all levels (forestry and nature protection!)
Forests and Natura Brussels
Hohenzollern-FORST Raimund Friderichs

24. Conclusion – recommendations
Paradox: Natura 2000 is an European Directive, but:
Nature protection stands in a superior, international context
Differing interpretation leads to distortion of competition
The „good guys“ are punished, the „bad guys“ are rewarded!
Wälder und Natura Brüssel
Hohenzollern-FORST Raimund Friderichs

25. Conclusion – recommendations
The biggest threats to nature protection are climate change and the unbraked increase of the world´s population.
If these problems are not solved, Natura 2000 equals a car that still gets a set of brandnew wheels although we can be certain, that the car is driving in the abyss at the next bend due to a broken steering gear!
Forests and Natura Brussels
Hohenzollern-FORST Raimund Friderichs

26. Conclusion - recommendations
Ownership:
Is the basis of our free democratic basic order
Package deal requirement article 14 para 3 sentence 2 Basic Constitutional Law! – also: The one who orders, pays! (Trust???)
Management restrictions through Natura 2000 in earning forest holdings are threatening their existence and have to be adequately compensated!
Forests and Natura Brussels
Hohenzollern-FORST Raimund Friderichs

27. Conclusion – recommendations
What forest owners need are ethics of responsibility not ethics of conviction!
Anthropocentric approach → Takes into account the benefit for future generations
The limits are reached when the ownership/property suffers damage! → Trust?
Forests and Natura Brussels
Hohenzollern-FORST Raimund Friderichs

28. Conclusion - recommendations
Politics must not be the cue ball of self-appointed „experts“ from ENGO´s
More trust – less bureaucracy
To expect less paternalism and again more responsibility of the responsible foresters (they are all idealists!)!
Forests and Natura Brussels
Hohenzollern-FORST Raimund Friderichs

29. Hohenzollern-FORST Raimund Friderichs
Forests and Natura Brussels
Hohenzollern-FORST Raimund Friderichs