1. Moles
College chem 2016

2. A mole is an amount of substance that contains as many elementary entities (atoms, molecules, formula units) as there are atoms in exactly 12 g of carbon-12

3. Avogadro’s number 6.0221415 x 1023 particles
Named for mathematician Amadeo Avogadro, who first proposed that gases that had equal volumes would have equal numbers of particles.
Determined by calculating charge of an electron divided into the charge of a mole of electrons, also known as a faraday.

4. Molar Mass
The mass in grams of one mole of any substance is that substance’s molar mass
Units grams/mole
= to the average atomic weight of an atom
Go to 4 significant figures

6. Molar mass of compounds
A mole is an amount of substance that contains as many elementary entities (atoms, molecules, formula units) as there are atoms in exactly 12 g of carbon-12

7. Make a Mole Map
Moles

8. Make a Mole Map
Moles
grams

9. Make a Mole Map
Moles
x molar mass
x g/mole
grams

10. Make a Mole Map
Moles
÷molar mass
÷ g/mole
x molar mass
x g/mole
grams

11. Moles Make a Mole Map grams particles ÷molar mass ÷ g/mole
x molar mass
x g/mole
grams

12. Moles Make a Mole Map grams particles ÷molar mass ÷ g/mole
X particles/mole
X 6.02 x 1023
x molar mass
x g/mole
grams

13. Moles Make a Mole Map grams particles ÷molar mass ÷ g/mole
÷ particles/mole
÷ 6.02x1023
particles
X particles/mole
X 6.02 x 1023
x molar mass
x g/mole
grams

14. Converting from moles to grams
Multiple the number of moles times the molar mass to get grams
Set up so your units cancel
10 moles of Carbon….
10 moles x g/mole=120.1 grams of Carbon
2.5 moles of CH4 ….
2.5 moles x g/mole=40.11 g

15. Converting from moles to particles
When given moles, multiply x 6.02 x 1023 particles/mole
When starting with particles, divide by 6.02 x 1023 particles/mole

16. Real World Moles (wiki)
Given that the volume of a grain of sand is approximately m3, and given that the area of the United States is about 1013m2, it therefore follows that a mole of sand grains would cover the United States in approximately one centimeter of sand.
A human body contains very roughly one hundred trillion cells; there are roughly six billion people on Earth; so the total number of human cells on the planet is approximately 100×1012*6×109=6×1023, which is very close to one mole.
Since the Earth has a radius of about 6400 km, its volume is approximately 1021 m3. Since about 500 large grapefruit will fit in one cubic meter, it therefore follows that a mole of grapefruit would have approximately the same volume as the Earth.
If you had exactly one mole of sheets of paper, you could make one million equal stacks from sea level on the earth that would pass the sun.
If you had a mole of pennies, you could give out enough money to everyone in the world so that they could spend a million dollars every hour, day and night, for the rest of their lives.
If you wanted to use trial and error to find the combination to an password that contained exactly six alphanumeric characters, it would take you up to 6^36 different tries, which is approximately 1028, which is over 17,000 moles.