1. ANATOMY Unit 4 Notes: Bone Injury

2. (1) Bone Injury Increased weight on bone/joint.
Irregular movement/manipulation…
Twisting
Rotation
Bending

4. (2) Comminuted Fractures
Bone fragments into 3 or more pieces
Common in aged people, when bones are more brittle

6. (3) Spiral Fractures Ragged diagonal break
Result of excessive twisting forces
Common sports fracture

8. (4) Depressed Fractures
Portion of broken bone pressed inward
Typical skull fracture

10. (5) Transverse Fractures
Bone breaks straight through bone (perpendicular)
Clean Break

12. (6) Oblique Fractures
Bone breaks on diagonal
Clean break

14. (7) Open Fractures Bone breaks and pierces skin
Common in forearm and shin (leg)

16. (8) Compression Fractures
Bone is crushed
Common in porous bones (due to osteoporosis)
Common in vertebral column

18. (9) Epiphyseal Fractures
Epiphysis separates from diaphysis along epiphyseal plate
Usually occurs where cartilage cells are dying and calcifying

20. (10) Greenstick Fractures
Bone breaks incompletely (like a twig)
Only one side of the shaft breaks, other side bends
Common in children, when bones are more flexible