1. 11 Challenging the indicators Maria Rugina ICEMENERG-ROMANIA Supported by the European Commission under the ICT PS Programme Manchester, 12 th of October 2009 European ICT Network for Energy Efficiency

2. 2 1. General problems The ICT technologies for energy efficiency are utilized in connection with other technologies. They cannot be approached separately, cannot be considered independently from the basic technologies. They do not provide products and services, they optimize the basic specific equipment.

3. 2. Indicators - Energy indicators - Environmental indicators - Economic indicators - Social indicators

4. 44 3. Energy indicators -Energy efficiency trend monitoring indicators; -Indicators for comparing energy efficiency performances between a country and other countries; -Diffusion indicators measuring market penetration of the efficient technologies and practices.

5. 5 Energy Efficiency Indicators Monitoring indicators Comparison indicators Diffusion indicators Specific consumption Energy intensity ODEX Indicators Adjusted indicators Target indicators Penetration of efficient technologies/household appliances/equipment Diffusion of the most efficient energy practices

6. 6 Specific consumption indicators Specific consumption is defined as a ratio between energy consumption (measured in energy units:toe, MJ, kWh etc) and the quantity of product/service obtained i = W/Q

7. 7 For example, in the building sector: EU Directives recommend to breakdown energy consumption by - Heating - Cooking - Hot water preparation - Electrical appliances For each type of utilization, specific consumption values i are defined. Heating: Ratio between energy consumption for heating and the total useful area of the dwellings MJ/sqm usable or Kgoe/sqm usable Cooking Ratio between energy consumption for cooking and the total number of the dwellings (or the total population) MJ/dwelling or Kgoe/dwelling

8. Hot water preparation Ratio between energy consumption for hot water preparation and the total population (or the total number of the dwellings) MJ/inh. or Kgoe/inh. Electrical appliances Ratio between electricity consumption in household and the total number of dwellings kWh/dwell. 8

9. For each type of utilization the number of indicators have to be multiplied For example Heating - Specific consumption for heating dwellings with district heating - Specific consumption for heating dwellings with individual natural gas plants - Specific consumption for heating dwellings with coal stoves etc 9

10. Energy efficiency progresses are determined as a variation of the indicator Δi = i1 – i2 Where i1 is energy consumption before using ICT and i2 is energy consumption after using ICT This variation can be expressed in physical units or as a percentage We have to establish by how much specific consumption diminishes in case an ICT technology is utilized. From technical point of view we can evaluate a good practice character using Δi value. We have a good practice when Δi is positive In this case we can calculate total energy economy using difusion indicators of ICT and the obtained quantity of products/services 10

11. 4. Environmental indicators The main environmental issue is GHG emissions. GHG emissions are connected with energy consumption. So, if we have a good practice from technical point of view we also have a good practice from environmental point of view. 11

12. 5. Economic indicators From the large number of economic indicators we can use: Implementing cost Operating cost Avoided cost Cost-efficiency 12

13. 13 6. Social indicators are: -Qualitative indicators (yes/no, good/bad) -Quantitative indicators. Related to our project the degree of diffusion is an indicator specific to the behavioral measures

14. 14 7. Application (example) Name of the ICT technology: Reduction in the natural gas consumption of apartments by means of programmable thermostat

15. 15 ICT energy indicator Variation of specific consumption for heating in the dwellings with individual heating plants In this example, specific consumption represents energy consumption necessary for heating a sqm of usable area ( i ) In our case i = W/S where W is the energy consumption S is the total area of the dwellings W and i are directly proportional to Δt = tint-text For example, we take tint = 22 oC text = 3 oC and introduce ICT, a reduction from 22 oC to 18 oC is obtained (4 oC)

16. Specific consumption is reduced by 4/19= 21 % Δi = 21 % >0 Conclusion The ICT is a good practice from technical point of view. For a consumption of 16,000 kWh/year, the energy economy is 3,360 kWh/year 16

17. ICT environmental indicator The decrease of natural gas consumption with 21 % is followed by the decrease of GHG emissions by 21 % 17

18. ICT economic indicators - Implementing cost 100 Euro/device - Operating cost 0 Euro - Avoided cost 120 Euro - Cost-efficiency The investment is recouped in about a year 18

19. 19 Thank you! Maria Rugina - ICEMENERG mariar@icemenerg.ro