2. Introduction to the Earth’s Oceans
ARCTIC
ATLANTIC
PACIFIC
INDIAN
SOUTHERN

3. Surface area of the planet = 510 million square km (317 mil. Miles)
Total Land area =
29.1%
Total Water area =
70.9%
(fresh) = 3% (salt) = 97%
Ocean Size: (biggest to smallest)
Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Southern, Arctic
Ocean Depth: (deepest to most shallow)
Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Arctic
Why Care About Water? - YouTube

4. Who was Alfred Wegener?
Provided evidence that continents were once merged in a “supercontinent” called PANGAEA
Surrounded in a giant ocean called PANTHALASSA
Earth’s crust is constantly shifting and changing: PLATE TECTONICS
From Pangaea to the Modern Continents – YouTube

5. Sea Floor Spreading with Bill Nye

7. Seawater: What is it composed of?
Dissolved solids from weathering rocks / erosion
Chemicals released from underwater & above ground volcanoes or decay of marine organisms
85% of the solids are Sodium and Chloride (salt)

9. Where is the saltiest water on earth?
The saltiest water (40 ppt) occurs in the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf, where rates of evaporation are very high.

10. Why is earth called a water planet?
Because it is composed of more water than any other planet
What is marine science?
The study of life existing in oceans, streams, rivers, lakes, ponds and seas

11. How do you distinguish between marine biology and oceanography?
Study of living organisms, their structure, behavior and survival needs
Oceanography
Study of water quality, water composition, plate tectonics, and physical properties

12. NASA | Earth Science Week: Salt of the Earth - YouTube
Questions:
Which ocean is the most salty?
Where does water sink on the globe?
What will happen to salinity as earth warms?

13. Intertidal Zone – most dynamic (changing) due to wave action/erosion
Pelagic– refers to ocean from an overhead perspective
Neritic
Oceanic
Epipelagic
Mesopelagic
Bathypelagic
Deep
Sea
Abyssopelagic
Hadopelagic– deepest ocean trenches (Hado = Hades = Hell)

14. Most dynamic (changing) of all ocean ecosystems & most affected by temperature changes
Area of the ocean where not enough light is present for photosynthesis

15. Portion of continental shelf below the
photic zone
Refers to the continental slope
Between 3000 and 6000 meters
Primarily below 6000 meters
Water lying over the continental shelf
Water that overlies the deep ocean
The Deep Sea - Exploring the Zones - YouTube