2. Rwandan Genocide (1994)
800,000+ Deaths

3. Classification
Hutu v. Tutsis and Hutu moderates

4. Symbolization
Physical Differences: Tutsis were taller, slighter with narrower noses and slightly lighter skin
Tribal cards identifying Hutu and Tutsis
Hutu militia (Interhamwe) wore brightly coloured clothing

6. Dehumanization
Tutsis were referred to as “cockroaches”; “tall trees” that needed to be cut down
Tutsis and Hutu were made to kill even their Tutsis neighbours
Attractive Tutsis women were enslaved for sexual gratification by militia

7. Organization
Hutus militia called the Interhamwe were supplied and secretly trained by the Rwandan army
Hutu extremists drew up death lists of prominent opposition figures, both Tutsis and Hutu

8. Polarization
Prior to 1962 the Tutsis minority were considered the aristocracy and dominated Hutu peasants for decades
Blamed the Tutsi rebels for killing their President (Habyalimana)
Used radio stations to promote hatred against Tutsis (propaganda) – called them all “rebel spies”

9. Preparation
Lists drawn up of prominent Tutsis and moderate Hutu politicians if and when the opportunity would arise to start killing
Broadcasting non-stop hate radio telling Hutu to prepare for their moment of attack
Attacks on UN troops to force them out of Rwanda

10. Extermination
Indiscriminate killing by Hutu militia by machete, clubs, guns and grenades
Genocidal mania killing all Tutsis men, women and children

11. Denial Hutu militia and Rwandan army called it a civil war
Both the UN and U.S. carefully refrained from labelling the killings as genocide
Use of codes over the radio to instigate killings