1. Fungi
Chapter 31

2. Fungal Structure Hyphae & mycelium Cells walls made of chitin
Coenocytic or septate

3. Roles of Fungi External decomposers – exoenzymes Saprobic Parasitic
Mutualistic
Mycorrizhae

4. Relationship with Humans
Disease
Medicine
Cooking

5. Asexual Reproduction Deuteromycetes Budding
Mitotic production of spores
Yeast, mold, most parasitic fungi can reproduce this way.

6. Chytridiomycota Diverged earliest in fungal evolution
May be paraphyletic with Zygomycota
Mostly aquatic
Has zoospores

7. Zygomycota Example: bread mold, most mold on produce
Reproduces sexually & asexually
Forms zygosporangia

8. Image removed – Fig on p. 614

9. Glomeromycota Ecologically significant - mycorrizhae
May have helped early plants
Important to lumber industry

10. Ascomycota
Examples include truffles, and the yeast used for bread & beer.
Can reproduce asexually using conidia.
Reproduces sexually using ascocarp.

11. Image removed – Fig on p. 617

12. Basidiomycota Examples include mushrooms, shelf fungi, rusts & smuts.
Almost never reproduces asexually.

13. Basidiomycota
Reproduces sexually using a basidium.

14. Image removed – Fig on p. 619

15. Lichen Break down rocks into soil Often first life on new land
Pollution indicators
Crustose, fruticose, & foliose

16. Lichen
Actually millions of photosynthetic algae or cyanobacteria surrounded by fungal hyphae.
Named as single organisms
Image removed – Fig on p. 621.