1. The Burden of Modifiable Risk Factors in Newly Defined Categories of Blood Pressure 
Anna Gu, MD, PhD, Yu Yue, PhD, Joohae Kim, PharmD Candidate, Edgar Argulian, MD, MPH 
The American Journal of Medicine 
Volume 131, Issue 11, Pages e5 (November 2018)
DOI: /j.amjmed
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2. Figure 1
Adjusted odds ratios for the associations of modifiable risk factors with blood pressure levels among US adults not taking antihypertensive therapy, 1999–2014. Vertical bars represent 95% confidence intervals; all analyses adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, educational attainment, chronic kidney disease, diabetes, annual medical visits, use of medications with blood pressure-lowering effect for other indications, physical activity levels, abdominal obesity, secondhand smoking, binge drinking, fiber intake, non-HDL cholesterol, sodium intake, and potassium intake, excluding the outcome variable being compared. HDL = high-density lipoprotein.
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3. Figure 2
Mean adjusted daily sodium and potassium intakes by blood pressure categories among adults not taking antihypertensive therapy, Analyses adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, chronic kidney disease, diabetes, annual medical visits, use of medications with blood pressure-lowering effect for other indications, physical activity levels, abdominal obesity, secondhand smoking, binge drinking, daily fiber intake, and non-HDL cholesterol. In addition, modeling examining sodium intake are simultaneously adjusted for potassium intake, and vice versa. P for trend: < .01 (sodium intake); < .01 (potassium intake). HDL = high-density lipoprotein.
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4. Figure 3
Associations between modifiable risk factors and newly defined categories of blood pressure. As blood pressure levels increase, age- and sex- adjusted prevalence of US adults with 4 or more risk factors increases gradually, ranging from 28.5% in the normal blood pressure group to 48.0% in the stage 2 hypertension group (P < .001). Compared with individuals with ≤1 risk factor, the presence of 2 (odds ratio 1.55; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.39–1.74), 3 (odds ratio 1.88; 95% CI, 1.67–2.12), 4 (odds ratio 2.43; 95% CI, 2.13–2.77), and 5-6 (odds ratio 3.09; 95% CI, 2.59–3.68) modifiable risk factors were associated with increasingly higher rates of American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association–defined hypertension. Definitions of risk factors are provided in the text.
The American Journal of Medicine  , e5DOI: ( /j.amjmed )
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