1. America as a World Power
The War with Spain and Beyond.

2. Imperialism
Imperialism is Economic and Political domination of a strong nation over weaker nations.
Examples? “Pair Share”
European states began expanding their influence AGAIN in the late 1800s = the “New Imperialism”

4. 1. History of expansion.
Americans have always tried to expand their territory.
Manifest Destiny (Move West!)
Monroe Doctrine - European powers would no longer colonize or interfere with the affairs of the newly independent nations of the Americas.

6. American Expansion America noticed the European expansion!
The American “West was Settled”,
So, many Americans thought America should look for new markets too.

7. 2. Feelings of Superiority
Social Darwinism
Anglo-Saxonism

8. Social Darwinism Charles Darwin = Only the strong (species) survives.
Social Darwinism = Only the strong people or nation survives.

9. Anglo-Saxonism The idea that English speaking nations dominate.
Josiah Strong (minister) said they had the God Given right to dominate.
John Fiske – Expansionist of 1898

10. 3. Economics – New Markets
A desire for NEW MARKETS required expansion
High Tariffs in Europe slowed trade.
New markets overseas restored trade.

11. New Markets need protection!
Nations tried to protect their new markets.
Some new markets became colonies.
Some became protectorates.

12. Protectorate Nation
A Nation where local rulers remained in charge, but world powers protected the nation.
Local rulers had to listen to world power’s advice.
Hawaii – Queen Liliuokalani
Cuba –after Span-Am War

13. 4. Naval Bases Alfred T. Mahan
Naval theorist – Wrote: “The Influence of Sea Power Upon History”
Said a nation’s might is determined by their abilities at sea.
Caused an improvement in American Navy – New Ships – like the U.S.S. Maine

14. Old Navy Ships – The Constitution

16. New Navy – The Maine (Pre-Dreadnought Battleship)

18. The Great White Fleet

19. Dreadnought Class Battle Ships

20. USS Arizona – (PA Class Battleships)

21. Review
Factors leading to
American Imperialism

23. Section 3 Theodore “Teddy” Roosevelt
Became famous during Spanish American War
Assistant Secretary of the Navy
Second IN CHARGE of ROUGH RIDERS
Nominated as Vice President in election of 1900
Charisma and war fame

24. Re-Election of McKinley
William McKinley was elected to his second term as President in 1900
Defeated William Jennings Bryan again
“TR” was elected Vice President.

25. Assassination of McKinley
McKinley was assassinated in 1901.
Leon Czolgosz shot him
An Anarchist
TR became President
@ 42 Youngest man to ever be President.

26. TR - Personality Very active life.
Believed in “Horatio Alger” idea of self improvement.
Aggressive President
Was an imperialist
Was a nationalist
Believed in Anglo-Saxonism

27. TR In Asia Supported the “Open Door” policy of Trade.
Open Door = Free trade with China
Prevented a single nation from monopolizing trade in China.

28. “Sphere of Influence”
Imperialist countries expanded their “Sphere of influence” by leasing parts of China.
S.O.I.= the area of economic activity in one country controlled by another country
Threat to Open Door Policy

31. Boxer Rebellion
Chinese groups (Yihetuan) wanted foreign influence out of their country
Supported by Chinese Imperial Soldiers

32. “The Alliance of 8”

33. Russo-Japanese War
Russia and Japan battled over trade in China
This challenged the Open Door Policy
TR worked out peace between the two nations –
was given the Nobel Peace Prize for it.
1st American – 1st President to receive.

35. The Great White Fleet
Sent “around the world” by TR to showcase American might.

36. Panama TR established the Panama Canal Zone in 1903
The Canal shortened the distance between Atlantic and Pacific by 8,000 Nautical miles.
Military/Strategy: Easier to Defend U.S.
Business: Cheaper to transport goods