1. MIMOtech May 2014 – Geoff Carey Future Wireless Technologies
“mmWave Regulatory Considerations – a local vendor’s perspective”
Future Wireless Technologies
May 2014 – Geoff Carey

2. Overview Wireless Backhaul Challenges Global Backhaul Trends
Throughput
Bandwidth
Frequency
TDD versus FDD
Global Backhaul Trends
Below 40 GHz
mmWave
The Advancement of WiGig
Devices
Impact
Co-existence?
Regulatory Considerations for mmWave
Suggested Focus Areas
Methodologies
© 2014 MIMOtech (Pty) Ltd. All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change without notice.
2018/11/30

3. Wireless Backhaul Challenges
Operators want more Mbps (preferably Gbps) per link:
Sub-40 GHz mainly 28 MHz
mmWave offers >50 MHz possibility
High Order QAM
Lower System Gain (Tx & Rx)
Shorter range
Main Motivator for mmWave:
Opportunity to get to 10Gbps using N x 50 MHz & N x 250 MHz channels with XPIC / MIMO
© 2014 MIMOtech (Pty) Ltd. All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change without notice.
2018/11/30

4. Wireless Backhaul Challenges (2)
Image courtesy of Aviat
© 2014 MIMOtech (Pty) Ltd. All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change without notice.
2018/11/30

5. TDD versus FDD – Vendor / User
TDD Allocations & Equipment
FDD Allocations & Equipment
Advantages:
Suited to Asymmetric data payloads (Ethernet IP)
Cost-effectiveness of equipment (architecture)
Ease of freq planning
“Unlicensed” or “Light licensed”
Disadvantages:
Lower throughput than FDD
Advantages:
Low latency applications
Throughput higher than FDD (BUT same spectral efficiency).
Symmetric data and timing applications (cellular backhaul, framed data)
Disadvantages:
Strict freq planning required
“Carrier grade” pricing.
© 2014 MIMOtech (Pty) Ltd. All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change without notice.
2018/11/30

6. Global Backhaul Trends
Global Shipments of GHz less in 2013 compared to 2012.
Demand for higher throughputs
Frequency Congestion
mmWave growing exponentially
Unlicensed (Note 1)
17 GHz total for 2013 only
24 GHz negative growth
© 2014 MIMOtech (Pty) Ltd. All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change without notice.
2018/11/30 6

7. Advancement of WiGig
Likely to be de facto Wireless LAN (WiFi) replacement
Estimated 1.5 Billion RF chip 60 GHz (by 2018) = lower cost of devices & products
Becomes Ubiquitous:
Laptops will have it (already in test)
Regulatory aspects MUST be defined
Integrated nature of chip device + antenna not likely to allow much crossover between indoor and outdoor applications
Bandwidth, natural decay and basic regulation should allow indoor and outdoor co-existence in the same band (similar to 5.8 GHz)
© 2014 MIMOtech (Pty) Ltd. All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change without notice.
2018/11/30

8. Regulatory Considerations
Spectrum Efficiency & Fees
Flexible Channel Allocations
Early mmWave products caused spectrum “pollution”. Need to Regulate in ways that encourage better use of Spectrum:
Specify minimum Spectral Efficiency = bits/Hz
Annual Spectrum Fees:
Should be inversely proportional to spectral efficiency. New Factor required.
Fee should be between 1/10 and 1/5 of current fees. Create a new FREQ factor for >30 GHz = or 0.01
Operators require necessary flexibility to trade-off Link Capacity versus distance.
Option for Channels to be grouped in multiples:
N x GHz
N x /80 GHz
Channel grouping allowed for Operators/ISPs to manage their own allocation/usage
© 2014 MIMOtech (Pty) Ltd. All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change without notice.
2018/11/30

9. Regulatory Considerations (2)
TDD versus FDD
Regulatory Regime
Users have mixed applications:
Allow both TDD and FDD configurations in both V- Band and E-Band
Allow Centre Gaps / Duplex spacing to also be TDD because of natural attenuation.
60 GHz = Unlicensed
Main motivation is the growth of ubiquitous devices (WiGig).
70/80 GHz = Light licensed
High attenuation & directivity will limit interference but there needs to be control & min spectral efficiency criteria.
© 2014 MIMOtech (Pty) Ltd. All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change without notice.
2018/11/30

10. MIMOtech Wireless Backhaul
StarBurst Ultra High Capacity
2x2 / 4x4 MIMO
StarLink High Capacity
Microwave
U6 to 23 GHz Licensed
17 / 24 GHz Unlicensed
mmWave
60 GHz
70 / 80 GHz
© 2014 MIMOtech (Pty) Ltd. All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change without notice.
2018/11/30

11. The Backhaul Space
© 2014 MIMOtech (Pty) Ltd. All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change without notice.
2018/11/30

12. Backhaul Application Matrix
Throughput
2 Gbps s
1 Gbps
Janus 23/24G
StarLink
60/70/80G
StarLink Microwave
Distance
(log scale)
0.5km
1km
5km
10km
© 2014 MIMOtech (Pty) Ltd. All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change without notice.
2018/11/30