1. Recent Results from BABAR Selected Contributions to LP and EPS
SLAC Experimental Seminar
September 6, 2005
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC
VcdVcb*
VudVub*
VtdVtb* γ α β

2. Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results
Outline
Apologies: 75 BABAR
~2/3rd of them not covered here
Notice absence of
Pentaquark bullet
New States
Y(4260), X(3872)
Searches for New Physics (NP)
Radiative penguins
bs/d, bsl+l-
Input for CKM matrix elements
Unitarity Triangle (UT) sides and angles
|Vub|, |Vtd/Vts|
β from trees and penguins
α, γ
Rare B and  decays
B and e/μ
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

3. Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results
X(3872)J/+-
Belle: discovery
Unexpected discovery mode for charmonium state above open-charm threshold
BABAR: search for X(3872)J/+ in Initial State Radiation (ISR) Events
ISR  e+e- collisions with a continuum of center-of-mass (CM) energies below the (4S)
Search final state
PRL 91, (2003)
JPC= 1 
y(2S),y(3770), …
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

4. No sign of X(3872) in ISR but observation of Y(4260)J/+-
123±23 events; >8σ statistical significance
Mass (4258±8)MeV; just above DSDS threshold
Total width (88±23)MeV
hep-ex/
232fb-1
Peak cross
section ~50pb
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

5. No evidence for Y(4260) in R-scan
√s (GeV)
Dip in R at √s=4.26GeV
R≈3 and
σ=(14.2±0.6)nb
Y(4260) decay mode 
conventional charmonium
interpretation does not fit well
Factors >10 and >20 larger
than J/+- partial width
of (2S) and (3770), resp.
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

6. Indication of Y(4260) J/+- in B decay
Search for
3.1σ significance, assuming mass and width from ISR analysis; needs confirmation
hep-ex/
232M BB
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

7. (New) Physics in loop diagrams
Radiative penguins
bs/d: flavor-changing neutral current absent at tree-level in Standard Model (SM)
Sensitivity to new particles in the loop, e.g., SUSY Higgs
NP can affect bs/d branching fractions (BFs), direct CP asymmetry, isospin asymmetry, …
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

8. Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results
Solid SM predictions…
…for inclusive bs/d quantities in the framework
of Operator Product Expansion (OPE)
and quark-hadron duality
Inclusive BF (E≥1.6GeV)
B(BXs)TH = (3.57 ± 0.30) x 10-4 (SM NLO, Buras et al.)
B(BXs)TH = ( ) x 10-4 (SM NLO, Hurth et al.)
Direct CP asymmetry
ACP(BXs+d)TH ≈ 0
+ 0.39
 0.53
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

9. Backgrounds and model dependenceMC
Experimental challenge:
eliminate very large
continuum and BB
backgrounds (BGs)
without cutting on  or Xs
Any such cuts introduce
model dependence
Correct for missing part
of E or Xs spectrum
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

10. Fully-inclusive bs/d
hep-ex/
No requirements on Xs/d system
Suppress continuum BG by topology cuts and requiring “lepton tag” from recoiling B
Subtract remaining continuum with off-resonance data
Suppress BB BG by vetoing photons from 0s and s
Subtract remaining BB BG using MC validated with control samples
MC after cuts
Lepton tag reduces signal by x20
and continuum BG by x1200
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

11. Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results
Semi-inclusive bs
hep-ex/
Reconstruct as many of the Xs final states as possible: Xs  K + n + m0, K=K±, K0S , n,m4
qq ( fixed from MC)
Non-peaking BB
peaking BB
(fixed from MC)
89M BB
55% of final states
reconstructed
45% missing;
mostly K0L (assumed  K0S)
and K + ≥5(0)
Signal
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

12. Photon energy spectrum from 89M BB
Fully-inclusive
Measures E in CM frame w/ resolution of ~40MeV
Semi-inclusive
Measures m(Xs) in B frame w/ resolution of ~5MeV  K* peak visible
fits
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

13. Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results
BF and CP asymmetry
In good agreement
with SM predictions
Total BF from semi-inclusive partial branching fraction by extrapolating to E=1.6GeV
CP asymmetry using fully-inclusive lepton tag
Note width
of SM prediction
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

14. Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results
bs input for |Vub|
Moments/shape of E spectrum  determination of OPE parameters mb and µ2
Same parameters needed to convert PBF for into |Vub|
1st moment
2nd moment
Also from lepton-energy and
hadronic-mass moments in BXCl
b-quark mass
(b-quark kinetic energy)2 s g b Xs B
Confinement
2-body
decay
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

15. bs 1st and 2nd moments vs minimum photon energy
Theory is Bigi, Benson and Uraltsev (BBU) (NP B 710, 371 (2005))
using BABAR measured B->Xcln moments (PRL 93, (2004))
Good agreement
with theory (BBU)
and previous
measurements
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

16. OPE parameter fits in different theoretical schemes
Fits to E moments and E spectrum in “kinetic scheme” by Bigi, Benson, Uraltsev (BBU) and “Shape Function (SF) scheme” by Bosch, Lange, Neubert, Paz (BLNP)
Fits and plot thanks to O. Buchmueller and H. Flaecher
Fits to E spectrum
(semi-inclusive only)
Extraction of OPE param-
eters and application
to |Vub| ongoing;
more later
Fits to E + BXcl moments
(fully- and semi-inclusive)
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

17. Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results
Exclusive bs/d
Exclusive decays like BK* , B experimentally easier
Theoretical predictions for BFs less firm
Need formfactors for B  K*/ transition
Different approaches: Light Cone Sum Rules (LCSRs), lattice QCD (LQCD), …
Reasonably precise predictions for
Ratios of BFs
CP and isospin asymmetries
Forward-backward (FB) asymmetry in
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

18. Search for B/ in 211M BB
No significant signals observed; upper limit (UL)
Recent claim by Belle for B0 observation
PRL 92, (2004)
BABAR low
compared
to theory
2.7σ below
Belle in B0
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

19. bs input for |Vtd/Vts|
Ali and Parkhomenko,
Eur.Phys.JC 23,89 (2002)
Ali et al,
PLB 595,323 (2004)
difference in dynamics (such as W-annihilation)
DR  0.10.1
form factor ratio
z2  0.850.1
(largest uncertainty)
SM prediction for ratio of BFs
Use BABAR B0 UL together with earlier measurement
Radiative penguins starting to provide meaningful constraints on one side of the UT; more later…
B(B+→K*+) = (39.2  2.0  2.4) x 10-6
B(B0→K*0) = (38.7  2.8  2.6) x 10-6
PRD 70, (2004)
88M BB
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

20. Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results
Exclusive bs l+l-
EW penguin
W+ W– box
SM diagrams
SUSY diagram
Exclusive decays like BK(*)l+l-
SM predictions for BFs, CP asymmetries, forward-backward (FB) asymmetries
NP can affect any of these quantities
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

21. BK(*)l+l- results from 229M BB
hep-ex/
BFs
CP asymmetries
FB asymmetries: coming soon
Smallest B-meson BFs measured
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

22. (New) Physics around the UT
VcdVcb*
VudVub*
VtdVtb* γ α β
UT consistency
“global”: sides vs. angles
“local”: angles from trees
vs. penguins
Need good metric to compare to when looking for NP
Two sides (|Vcb|, |Vub|) and one angle (γ) determined from tree-level processes  free of NP
Third side: |Vtd| from mixing box-diagram, i.e., Δmd ;
phase β of Vtd from mixing-induced CP violating asymmetry in B0J/K0 tree decay
Apex at
in (extended)
Wolfenstein
parameterization
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

23. NP in mixing-related quantities?
Check for NP in terms of parameters Cd and d
SM=(1,0) NP
2s CL
1s CL
No sign of NP
in Bd mixing,
but limits are
still weak
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

24. Status of UT constraints
VcdVcb*
VudVub*
VtdVtb* γ α β
Constraints from UT sides and sin2β from charmonium tree decays free of NP
 excellent yardstick
Good overall agreement
Slightly worse since LP05
due to lower sin2β:
Indirect determination
sin2β not used in fit
(HFAG)
(CKMfitter)
Belle: sin2β=0.728±0.0610.652±0.044
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

25. Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results
UT sides: |Vub|
VcdVcb*
VudVub*
VtdVtb* γ α β
Crucial to fix UT parameters valid in “any” NP extension of SM
Complementary to sin2β – the side opposite the angle
Best measured in (charmless)
semileptonic decays
From inclusive (partial) BFs using OPE
From exclusive (partial) BFs using form factors (FFs)
LCSRs, LQCD, quark models, …
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

26. |Vub| from inclusive BFs
OPE reliably predicts total decay rate
Experiments measure PBFs in restricted phase space region  severe cuts against overwhelming background
Extrapolate from PBF to total decay rate and |Vub|  need OPE parameters describing non-perturbative effects
Measure OPE parameters from moments and spectra of and distributions
Two theoretical approaches
“kinetic scheme” by BBU
“Shape Function (SF) scheme” by BLNP et al.
Three approaches within SF scheme (“DFN”, “BLL”, “BLNP”)
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

27. Inclusive |Vub| measurements
10% variation in |Vub| for the same PBF
due to different theoretical approaches
and/or OPE parameter inputs
Electron endpoint spectrum
Electron and neutrino momentum
Lepton and hadronic system recoiling
against fully-reconstructed B mesons
88M BB
|Vub|=(4.44±0.25exp ±0.22theo)´10-3
+0.42
– 0.38SF
hep-ex/
signal
region
sideband
|Vub|=(3.95±0.26exp ±0.25theo)´10-3
+0.58
– 0.42HQ
89M BB
hep-ex/
signal
|Vub|=(4.65±0.34exp ±0.23theo)´10-3
+0.46
– 0.38SF
232M BB
hep-ex/
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

28. |Vub| from exclusive BFs1: 2:
Need FFs to describe transition of B meson to light meson
Not all theoretical approaches work
for all light mesons or all q2 regions
LCSR:  and  and q2<14GeV2
LQCD: only  and q2>15GeV2
FF uncertainties affect measurement twice
FF shape  acceptance
Measure with data to reduce dependence on theoretical predictions
FF normalization  extraction of |Vub| from PBF
10-13% error for LCSR and LQCD in their respective validity ranges; 15-17% error for full q2 range
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

29. Exclusive |Vub| measurements: untagged
83M BB
Bl
hep-ex/
mES distributions
q2 distribution
-0.15<ΔE<0.25 GeV
4% %
7% exp.
|Vub| = (3.82 ± 0.14 stat ± 0.22 syst
± 0.11 FF – 0.52 LQCD )
+ 0.88
pln
rln
LQCD and LCSR
agree well with data;
ISGW-II marginal
LQCD2: FNAL 2004
Fit to Data using Becirevic-
Kaidalov (BK) parameterization
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

30. Exclusive vs. inclusive |Vub| measurements
Indirect |Vub|
determination
Exclusive
Much improved expt. error: 4%
Theory error still dominant: ≥15%
Experimental input, i.e., FF shape, will reduce theory error in the future
Inclusive
Very much improved theory
error ( OPE parameters): 6%
|Vub|=(3.76±0.16exp )´10-3
+0.87
– 0.51LQCD
(HFAG)
(HFAG)
|Vub|=(4.38±0.19exp±0.27mb,theory)´10-3
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

31. Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results
UT sides: |Vtd/Vts|
VcdVcb*
VudVub*
VtdVtb* γ α β
Constraint used to come entirely from
Ratio better than Δmd alone since smaller
theoretical uncertainty on
Now radiative penguins sufficiently precise
to start providing meaningful UT constraints
Low B/ BF favors small |Vtd|
2s CL
1s CL
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

32. Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results
UT angles: β
Mixing-induced CP violation (CPV): Interference of decay amplitudes w/o and w/ mixing
Time-dependent (TD) B0-B0 CP asymmetry
Mixing:
t: time difference
between B0 and
B0 decays
For charmonium
tree decays
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

33. sin2β: bc trees vs. bs penguins
SM tree decay: SM penguin decay: bccs bsss/sdd
Penguin sensitive to new particles in the loop
/K0
K0/η’
SM tree and SM t-penguin:
NP in penguin:
SM caveat: t/u-penguin ≠
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

34. NP in sin2β ??? bc trees vs. bs penguins
bc WA:
S=0.687±0.032
All but one measurement below bccs average
Naïve bs average 2.7σ below bc average
SM caveat: buus ampli-tude, color-suppressed tree, w/ phase γ can affect sin2β extraction in all channels w/ neutral, non-strange mesons
Pure bsss channels unaffected by CS tree
-η S
naïve bs average:
S=0.440.09
No evidence
of direct CPV
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

35. Estimates of deviation sin2β(bs) - sin2β(bc)
QCD factorization
Expected deviation in QCDF
Always positive – opposite to experiment
Generally small – in some cases extremely small
Consistent w/ estimates from SU(3)-flavor – those are unsigned and assume worst case for the strong phase
Need better experimental precision, in particular in clean bs modes
[Beneke, hep-ph/ ]
[Cheng,Chua,Soni, hep-ph/ ]
sin2β(bs) - sin2β(bc)
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

36. Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results
η’K0 channel
hep-ex/
η’K0S channel smallest error on sin2β based on 804±40 events
Add 50% more events in η’K0L channel
Combined h’KS+ h’KL
BABAR h’K0
QCDF
SU(3) bound
h’KL
h’KS
232M BB
h’KL sample after L(Sg)/[L(Sg)+L(Bg)] cut
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

37. Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results
CPV in bs penguins
Intriguing difference from bc remains
This could be one of the greatest discoveries of the century,
depending, of course, on how far down it goes…
2.7s?
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

38. Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results
UT angles: α
α=180°-β-γ
Interference between mixing amplitude (Vtd) and bu decay amplitude (Vub), e.g.,
TD CP asymmetry
Single decay diagram Additional decay diagram i.e., single weak phase with different weak phase
Vtd d 0  
Vtd
Vub *
Use isospin-SU(2) symmetry
to estimate deviation α-αeff
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

39. Measuring  in B decays
BF six times larger than B
Small penguin contribution: |-eff 68% CL
’s nearly fully longitudinally polarized  almost pure CP-even state
 TD CP asymmetry
yields strongest single
constraint on 
Note mirror solution
around 170o
hep-ex/
232M BB
α = 100º  13º
79º< α 90% C.L
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

40.  from B// decays
All three modes give con-sistent and complemen-tary measurements of 
 is not a CP eigen-state, but allows TD analysis of 3 Dalitz plot
Weak constraint at 90% CL, but disfavors  mirror solution near 170o
 constraint very weak at 90% CL due to large penguin contamination
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

41. Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results
UT angles: γ
From direct CPV in the decay of charged B mesons
Interfering tree amplitudes w/ CP-violating relative weak phase γ and CP-conserving relative strong phase δ
Interference if D0/D0 decay into identical final state
CP-eigenstate decay: Gronau-London-Wyler (GLW)
Doubly-Cabibbo-suppressed (DCS) decay: Atwood-Dunietz-Soni (ADS)
Dalitz plot analysis of 3-body decay, e.g., : Giri-Grossman-Soffer-Zupan (GGSZ)
bucs
bcus
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

42. bu/bc amplitude ratio rB
Sizable interference only if large enough amplitude ratio
CKM factors x color suppression (CS)  rB≈
BABAR has found rB to be around 0.1
Error on γ strong function of rB
rB≈0.12  30o error on γ w/ current BABAR data  need to add more channels/data
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

43. New GLW and ADS signals in
hep-ex/
hep-ex/
CP-eigenstate decay
DCS decay
232×106 BB
D0 CP+→K+K-, p+p-
D0 CP-→K0Sp0, K0Sw, K0Sf B+ B-
D0 →flavour non-CP
232×106 BB
NCP+=37.6±7.4 and NCP-=14.8±5.9
Right Sign
Wrong Sign
WS B+
WS B-
mES (GeV/c²)
~90 events
~4 events
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

44. GGSZ Dalitz plot (DP) analysis of
Sketch of interfering bc and bu amplitudes
CP-conjugate B- and B+ decay amplitudes
A(B-) = |A(D0K-)| ×
m2-
m2+ D0
m²+
+rBei(-g+dB)
D0
Assumes CP-conser-
vation in D decay
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

45. DP analysis of D0/D0 decays
Extract D0/D0 decay amplitudes from DP analysis of independent cc sample with flavor-tagged decays from
New K-matrix model: BW resonances K-matrix formalism for  s-wave
Deals with broad, overlapping, multi-channel scalar resonances
Fit fraction 116%
228fb-1
250k D0s
hep-ex/
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

46. GGSZ Dalitz plot (DP) analysis of
Analyze B-decay DPs using D-decay amplitudes
Fit at each point in B-decay DP
Extract angle γ, amplitude ratios r(*)B and strong phases δ(*)B
Different modes  same γ but different r()B and δ()B
γ from bu/bc
Interference term
BD0K  rB 
BD*0K D*0 D0
rB* *
BD*0KD*0 D0g
*+180°
BD0K*( K0) rs s
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

47. Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results
Signals in all modes
D0K-
D*0[D00]K-
D*0[D0]K- ~
hep-ex/
Mode
Signal
events
B-D0K−
282 ± 20
90 ± 11
B-D*0[D0]K−
44 ± 8
B-D0K*−[K0Sp-]
42±8
B-D*0[D00] K−
227×106 BB ~
(mES>5.27 GeV/c²)
NEW
B-D0K*−[K0Sp-] ~
hep-ex/
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

48. GGSZ DP analysis results: γ vs. r(*)B
hep-ex/
2 fold (±p)
ambiguities for
both g and dB
D0K-
D*0K-
D0K*- rB
g (deg)
r*B
k.rsB 2s CL) ~
2s CL
1s CL
(stat.+syst.
uncertainties)
Mode
r(*)B DK
D*K
DK*
all D()K() modes combined:
γ=(67±28(stat)±13(syst)±11(DP))o
Will be 3o with
K-matrix model
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

49. γ from BD()K() with GLW, ADS, and GGSZ methods
Three theoretically clean methods in place to measure γ
Small r()B values  very hard meas-urement, but no longer “mission impossible”
To improve precision, need (much) more data/ channels
+ GLW/ADS (WA)
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

50. Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results
Rare decays: B
hep-ex/
W-annihilation in SM
CKM and helicity suppressed
Measurement of fB with |Vub| from semileptonic decays
Test of LQCD fB calculations
Test of NP
e.g., charged Higgs can significantly enhance BF
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

51. B UL and (NP) constraints
Expt.: Few kinematic constr-aints and large missing energy
Tag one B-meson
Semileptonic
hadronic
Search for  in the rest of event
232M BB
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

52. Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results
Lepton Flavor Violation (LFV) in SM with finite neutrino masses and mixing: O(10-50)  any observation at current expt sensitivity unambiguous sign of NP
LFV “natural” in many NP models
Some models predict O(10-7 – 10-11)
Expt.: two-body decay w/o missing energy
207M +-
hep-ex/
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

53. Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results
Summary and outlook
Despite a lack of new data, BABAR had a good showing at the summer conferences
Many new/improved results thanks to new ideas and improved analyses
New states continue to pop up in unexpected places
SM continues to hold up rather well despite increasingly sensitive NP searches in (rare) loop processes
Intriguing effect in CPV in bs penguins remains
It is just a matter of time – and more data…
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

54. Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results
Backup slides
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

55. Discovery of X(3872)J/+-
PRL 91, (2003)
Belle:
Confirmed by CDF, D0, and BABAR
X(3872) properties
Mass at DD* threshold
Narrow width
JPC=1++ favored
m(+-) consistent with 
No evidence for charged partner X±(3872)
y(2S)
Events/10 MeV/c2
157M BBbar
M(J/y p+p-) - M(J/y) (GeV/c2)
157M BB
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

56. Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results
Charmonium System
Below DD threshold
Large
PDG:
Above DD threshold
Small
CLEO:
Surprise
Mass, width, and decay mode  conventional charmonium interpretation does not fit well
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

57. BK* results in 88M BB BF measurements Asymmetry measurements
PRD 70, (2004)
BF measurements
Asymmetry measurements
B(B+→K*+) = (39.2  2.0  2.4) x 10-6
B(B0→K*0) = (38.7  2.8  2.6) x 10-6
measurement
theory
ACP
  0.010
|ACP|<0.01
(Kagan and Neubert, 1998)
(K*0 ) – (K*- )
0- = _
(K*0 ) + (K*- )
0.050    0.024
(Kagan and Neubert, 2002)
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

58. Inclusive |Vub| measurements
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

59. Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results
sin2β in bs penguins
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

60. Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results
K0SK0SK0S channel
hep-ex/
beam B0
p +
p -
inflated beam
4mm
200mm KS
p +(p 0)
p -(p0)
Use IP-constrained vertexing of ≥2 K0S trajectories
all KS→p+p-
8810 events
one KS→p0p0
457 events
* sPlot [Pivk, Diberder, physics/ ]
*sPlot
all events
QCDF
SU(3) bound
227M BB
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

61. CPV in bs penguins at BABAR
Intriguing difference from bc remains
No evidence of direct CPV in these penguins
naïve average
0.440.09 (~2.7s)
(BABAR only)
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

62. Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results
Isospin triangles
Gronau, London
PRL 65, 3381 (1990)
Two isospin relations, one for (B0,B+) and one for (B0,B-), between decay rates into / final states w/ different charges
Isospin decomposition
into I=0 and I=2
amplitudes
allows separation
of tree (I=0,2)
and penguin (I=0)
Common base is
pure I=2 tree
Measuring the triangle relations allows determination of penguin-induced shift +-=2(-eff)
+-
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

63. Combined GLW and ADS results from
CKMfitter
1-CL
GLW
ADS
combination 1s 2s 3s
rsB
g [0,p] & (dD+dB)[0,2p]
g (deg)
1-CL 1s 2s 3s
(semi-log scale)
g  [75°,105°] CL)
In this final state, rsB at the upper end
of the expected range, but large errors
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

64. Isobar and K-matrix model for DP
Current isobar model: 13 distinct Breit-Wigner (BW) resonances + non-resonant term
Includes two scalar σ resonances
2/dof=1.27(3054) and fit fraction 125%
New K-matrix model: 9 BW resonances + K-matrix formalism for  s-wave
Deals with broad, overlapping, multi-channel resonances and no need for controversial σ’s
2/dof=??? and fit fraction 116%
Still under study; not yet used for published result
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

65. Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results
BD*
W-exchange diagram
Important for understanding
different decay dynamics in
B00 vs B++
No signal observed in
88M BB
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

66. GGSZ DP analysis results
DP fits use cartesian coordinates to minimize non-Gaussian effects
γ, r(*)B , δ(*)B 
2 s CL
1 s CL
(stat. only)
D0K*- ds B- B+
xs±
1.0 ~
-1.0
ys±
D*0K- d* B- B+
x*±
y*± ~
D0K- d B- B+ x± y± ~
d(*)(s)  2 r(*)(s)B|sing|≠0  size of direct CPV
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

67. Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results
BK0S0
Mixing-induced (time-dependent) CP violation (CPV): interference between decay amplitudes with and without mixing
W couples only to left(right)-handed
(anti-)quark: b → s L , b → s R
Interference suppressed in SM: S  sin(2)
Possible large enhancement from NP
In the K* region (0.8<mK<1.0GeV)
S=-0.21±0.40±0.05, C=-0.40±0.23±0.04
Experimental challenges
No charged tracks from the B decay vertex
Only K0S trajectory is measured
Large background from other B decays
Consistent with SM,
but errors still large
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

68. Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa Matrix
Wolfenstein-Parametrisierung
Entwicklung nach Potenzen von λ=sinθC≈0.22
Relative Beträge Phasen =
in der üblichen
Phasen-Konvention .
|Vub|
γ≈60°
|Vtd|
β≈23°
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

69. Unitaritäts-Dreieck (UT)
Unitarität der CKM-Matrix:
UT mit etwa gleich langen Seiten [O(λ3)]; Fläche ↔ CPV
Winkel im UT messbar aus CP-verletzenden Raten-Differenzen in B-Zerfällen
UT Winkel- & Seiten-Messung  kritischer CKM/CPV SM-Test
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

70. Drei Typen von CP-Verletzung
(Indirekte) CP-Verletzung in der Mischung
(Direkte) CP-Verletzung im Zerfall
CP-Verletzung in der Interferenz von Zerfällen mit und ohne Mischung
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

71. 1. (Indirekte) CP-Verletzung in der Mischung neutraler B-B Paare
Kleiner Effekt im B-System
Interferierende Amplituden: Übergänge mit vituellen und realen Zwischenzuständen
CPV in Mischung:
Neutrale Massen Eigenzustände
SM Vorhersage:
experimentell
bestätigt
Δm=BH-BL
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

72. 2. (Direkte) CP-Verletzung im Zerfall neutraler oder geladener Mesonen
Großer Effekt im B-System; seit Sommer 2004 eindeutig nachgewiesen
Interferierende Zerfalls-Amplituden: z.B., tree-Amplitude ± penguin-Amplitude
Direkte CPV:
schwache und starke
Phasen-Differenz
ungleich Null
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

73. Zeit-abhängige CP-Asymmetrie Messung
Zeit Δt seit der “Geburt” eines B-Mesons in einem bestimmten flavour-Zustand
kohärenter
BB Zustand
Exclusive B Meson and vertex reconstruction
Tag vertex reconstruction
Flavour tagging
ztag
zCP
Δt=1/cβγ Δz z
βγ boost
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

74. Exklusive B-Meson Rekonstruktion
Energie-Differenz im Υ(4S) Schwerpunkt-System (CMS)
beam-energy-substituted mass
Kontinuum-Unterdrückung mit Ereignis-Topologie: jet-artig vs. sphärisch (BB)
Fisher Diskriminante oder Neuronales Netz
Multi-dimensionaler Maximum-Likelihood (ML) Fit (BABAR), oder Schnitte plus 2-dimensionaler (ΔE vs. mES) Fit (Belle) ΔE
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

75. B-flavour Bestimmung (tagging)
Ladungs-Vorzeichen eines Leptons oder Kaons/Pions bestimmt den flavour eines zerfallenden B-Mesons
Neuronales Netz (BABAR) oder Likelihood Algorithmus (Belle) zur flavour-Bestimmung
tagging Qualitäts-Kriterium l+ ν l− ν
ε: efficiency, w: mis-tag fraction
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

76. Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results
Der Winkel α, ππ cont.
Neue Zeit-abh. Sππ ,Cππ Messung von Belle
Differenz nur 2.3σ (vorher 3.2σ), aber Interpretation verschieden:
Belle: CPV in 5.4σ; direkte 4.0σ
Belle
BABAR
Belle
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results

77. Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results
SLAC Exp. Sem., 09/06/05
Helmut Marsiske, SLAC Recent BABAR Results