1. About Retinoids Dietary vitamin A—retinol—retinoic acid (RA).
several RA metabolites exist:;
all trans RA(ATRA);
9-cis-RA;
13-cis-RA; et al.
Retinoids’ effect in driving cells differentiation and apoptosis holds promise for cancer therapy.
Best example: APL;

2. Altucci and Gronemeyer, Nat.Rev.Cancer, 2001

3. Induces differentiation
Induces apoptosis
Induces differentiation
Altucci and Gronemeyer, Nat.Rev.Cancer, 2001

4. Rationale for retinoids in medulloblastoma
Retinoids Secreted by radial glia and
Choroid plexus
Literature suggests the induction of neuroblastoma apoptosis by RA;

5. BMP-2 signaling pathways
Waite and Eng, Nat.Rev.Genetics, 2003

6. Signaling crosstalk Is this paradigm true for this study?
Waite and Eng, Nat.Rev.Genetics, 2003
Altucci and Gronemeyer, Nat.Rev.Cancer, 2001

11. Conclusion and discussion
Retinoids induce apoptosis in medulloblastoma cells and reduce tumor growth in vivo
Retinoid induction of BMP-2 mediates apoptosis in medulloblastoma cells regardless of whether or not they express BMP-2