1. Waves in Two Dimensions

2. Transmission and Reflection of Water Waves
Water waves coming from a point source are circular.

3. Water waves coming from a linear source are straight.

4. Water Waves have Crests and Troughs

5. Wavefront
The wavefront is the leading edge of the wave.

6. The spacing between successive crests and troughs remains the same as long as the speed remains constant.

7. v = f  Since v = f , then v   If v increases, then  increases.
If v decreases, then  decreases.

8. Shallow water:
Wave speeds decrease in shallow water, so the wavelengths: decrease.
Wave speeds increase in deep water, so the wavelengths: increase.

9. Frequency
The frequency is controlled at the source, so if the source does not change, the frequency does not change.
The wave can move from one medium to another, and the frequency will not change.

10. Propagation
Propagation means ‘to spread out and grow’

11. Water waves will spread out over a continuous surface, but can’t spread out over discontinuous surfaces.

12. Wave Boundary
A wave boundary is an area where conditions change.

13. Reflection
Incident wave
Reflected Wave