1. Welcome to the Future of Food Waste

2. Food Waste
Every day in restaurants, cafes, buffets, cafeterias and supermarkets, hundreds of pounds of food is discarded. 1/3 of all food globally is wasted. 1.3 billion tons of food is not consumed and 4-10% of food purchased is thrown out before ever reaching the plate.
40% of all food raised or grown in the United States is not eaten. Between 1974 and 2003 there has been a 50% rise in of food waste.
All this collected waste ends up as millions of tons of compostable organic waste being dumped in the landfill every day. Food waste is largest single component sent to landfills. It is responsible for 135 million tons of greenhouse gases every year or 1.5% of greenhouse gases emissions globally.

3. Organic Waste Sources Food Waste
Is the third largest component of generated waste by weight. Because of its low composting rate, it is the largest component of discarded waste by weight.

4. Organic Waste Sources
The majority of food waste is generated from businesses. They account for 58.2% of all the food waste generated.

5. Standard Disposal Costs
Average Tip / Disposal Fees by Region
2009 Per/ton
Northeast $
Midwest $
Southeast $
Western $
Pacific $
US Average $
Source: Waste Business Journal Waste Market Overview and Outlook pg 106
In the past 5 years hauling and tipping fees have continued to climb. As new legislation is enacted requiring even higher standards diversion, waste disposal and tipping fees can be expected to jump even higher. Planning for this eventuality now will give the customer more leeway to experiment and find the best solution in reducing their waste disposal costs.

6. Food Waste Problems
While many waste haulers offer food waste collection for composting they must provide additional containers and add trucks to their current fleet to keep organic wastes separated from other solid wastes.
The addition of equipment and services needed to segregate the waste streams and provide additional disposal and processing options increases fuel consumption and CO2 emissions. The costs for this is passed to the consumer.
Stored waste can become a breeding ground for pathogens and bacteria and produce foul odors. This becomes an attractant and vector control problem for animals, birds and insects.
Improperly stored waste can generate leachate that can be unsightly and can cause a cross contamination risk over a wide area.
Food waste can only stored for a short time only (several days). Bins must be picked up several times a week or even daily.
Being mostly water, food is one of the heaviest wastes, making it the costliest to transport and dispose of.

7. Disposal Options Summary
Currently there is no perfect method of dealing with food waste. Each solution generates its own unique problems.
Transporting and disposal of food waste is one of the highest costs associated with solid wastes.
The most accepted and available method of waste diversion is composting.
While sending organic waste to a composter is an acceptable means of dealing with organic waste, this method does not eliminate many of the associated problems. It basically shifts them from the food waste generator and moves them somewhere else.
Composting companies are working hard to make their process more efficient and eliminate many of the associated problems but have yet to achieve this goal.
Recently, new technology has begun to be developed to process food waste at the source.
By treating food waste at the source, many of the food waste handling and storage issues are reduced or eliminated.
This new technology also greatly reduces or eliminates food waste disposal transportation costs for the customer.
Using a combination of new and existing technology may allow realistic sustainability goals to be met.

8. Current Treatment and Disposal Options

9. Treatment Option – Composting
Pros:
Currently one of the most widely accepted and available means of processing organic waste into a stable, usable product.
Naturally occurring Aerobic and Anaerobic bacteria are used to convert organic waste into compost.
All organic waste can be thrown into a single container and hauled to a central location for processing.
Processing of waste is simple and effective.
Cons:
Commercial composting requires days to process waste into a usable product.
Composting requires a large area to continuously receive and process organic waste.
Food waste composting can be a vector problem for animals, birds and insects.
Potential problems with groundwater contamination from leachate.
Due to recent regulations many composters will not accept food waste for composting.

10. Treatment Option – Dehydration
Pros:
Dehydrators are automated and simple to use.
Food waste is dehydrated reducing its volume by 50-70%.
Most units do not require additional plumbing for water or drains.
No venting required. Air is discharged into the room.
Cons:
Processed waste remains subject to re-hydration and can produce foul odors should this happen.
Dehydrated waste remains a vector issue for vermin.
Some units require a drain to discharge condensate.
Units typically can only handle several hundred pounds per batch.
A single batch can take 24 hours to complete.

11. Treatment Option – Liquefication
Pros:
Liquefiers are automated and simple to use.
Units can handle large volumes of waste per batch. Up to 2,400 lbs.
Food waste is liquefied to a sludge using bacteria, reducing its volume by 60-70%.
Food waste is processed and disposed of on site.
Sludge is then pumped to a nearby drain.
Initially, these units were very successful.
Cons:
Wood chips or other bulking agents as well as enzymes need to be added each batch to operate.
A single batch can take 24 hours to complete.
Machines require additional plumbing for water and drainage.
Many municipalities have banned the machines due to overloading of waste treatment facilities with BOD*. *
B.O.D or Biochemical Oxygen Demand is the amount of dissolved oxygen needed by aerobic biological organisms in a body of water to break down organic material present in a given water sample at a certain temperature over a specific time period.

12. Treatment Option – Anaerobic Digestion
Pros:
Digesters can process large quantities (in tons) of food waste along with other organic materials.
Methane gas generated during digestion is used to produce electricity that is sold back to the local utility company offsetting operating costs.
These systems have begun to received increasing financial support through grants and subsidies from large business and government agencies.
Cons:
Installations are large and expensive to build and operate.
Digestion requires between days to complete.
No reduction of volume of feedstock handled. In fact, it will increase with the addition of water.
Control of foul odors is a constant problem.
Once digestion is complete effluent and solids still must be treated and disposed of.
Pathogens are not destroyed without further treatment.

13. The Biogos Food Waste Digester
The Biogos Food Waste Digester is a totally self-contained, continual feed, organic waste disposal system than uses aerobic digestion to convert food waste into a sludge and then dries it.
A single inoculation of bacteria will continuously digest waste for a year.
Reduces organic waste to 70-90% of its original weight in 24 hours with varied types of food waste.
Waste can be continuously fed into unit.
The drying process kills seeds, bacteria and pathogens. The processed waste is classified as Biosafety Level 1 (determined safe for human and animal contact.)
Easy installation (no water supply or additional plumbing).
No solids or waste by-products sent into sewer system.
Eliminates on-sight organic waste storage, avoiding odor and pest issues.
Cost effective (Decreases hauls & disposal).
Increase of waste diversion / higher recycling rates.
Reduces carbon footprint and impact on landfill capacity.
No soil or ground water contamination.
Quiet, clean, efficient.

14. = Aerobic Digestion Food Water Oxygen
The Biogos Food Waste Digester uses Aerobic digestion as the first stage of food waste processing. Aerobic digestion is a biological process in which oxygen loving microorganisms are used to consume organic matter and convert it into stable solids, carbon dioxide and more organisms. Aerobic microorganisms, like all living things, require three things to live and grow. They need Food, Water and Oxygen.
Food
As these microorganisms eat and grow they produce more and more microorganisms who also eat and grow and produce even more offspring. =
Water
Oxygen
By optimizing the environment through agitation and temperature control, digestion of organic waste is greatly accelerated, allowing large volumes to be processed in a short period of time. Aerobic digestion alone can reduce food waste by as much as 50-60% by volume.
Anaerobic Digestion, commonly experienced during composting, produces greenhouse gases such as methane (CH4), Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC’s), Ammonia (NH3) and Carbon Dioxide (CO2), and hydrogen sulfide (H2SO4).
Aerobic, unlike anaerobic digestion, does not produce the worst of the greenhouse gases and only a fractional amount of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) in comparison. The aerobic process results in a more complete digestion of waste.

15. Biogos Basics Food Waste goes in
The Biogos Food Waste Digester rapidly decomposes the organic waste into a wet sludge. This digested sludge is then dried at high temperatures into a inert, dry, and sterile compostable material.
Food Waste goes in
Any food waste consisting of vegetable or fruit scraps, raw and cooked meats, fish, poultry and dairy products are fed into the machine.
Clean, Compostable material comes out!

16. What can you put in the Biogos Machine?
Customers using the Biogos food waste digester can add just about any food waste. This can consist of waste from food preparation or plate scrapings . As a rule we say “If you can eat it throw it in. If not throw it away”.
Because we are eliminating weight in the form of water we do not want fluid items such as oils, soup, milk or beverages added to the machine.

17. Food Waste Decomposition Process
A look inside an operating digester shows it macerating and digesting organic waste. After digestion, the organic waste is transferred to a separate drying chamber where it is subjected to high temperatures, effectively killing all pathogens and bacteria, even seeds. The total process is completed in 24 hours.
The finished product is discharged from the machine and has reduced in weight by 70-90%. The dried product can be considered a bio-sterile mass. It is 70-90% dry and shelf stable allowing it to be stored for several months.

18. Digested Waste Testing
The finished product has been found to be slightly acidic. Testing has shown it to average between pH. This equivalent to tomato juice or orange juice.
One of the great benefits is that the product is shelf stable, dry and will not begin to smell, rot or leak like food waste. This allows it to be stored for extended periods of time.
It does have a mild odor but is not considered to be unpleasant.

19. Digested Waste Uses
Reduction of food waste into the landfills and dramatically reducing hauling costs was our first step in meeting new sustainability standards.
Food Waste
Digester
Hauler
Landfill
Current Method of Digested Waste Disposal
Composting
Food Waste
Digester
Hauler
Proposed Method of Digested Waste Disposal
Vermicomposting

20. Biogos Design & Engineering
The Biogos Food Waste digester is proudly made in the USA! These machines have been designed and engineered using cutting edge CAD/CAM 3D software and manufacturing processes.
Most importantly, the Biogos machine has been built to last! All interior contact surfaces and external parts are made of stainless steel. They are designed to give years of trouble free service.

21. Biogos Digester Operator Controls
Each Biogos Machine is equipped with state of the art operator and machine controls.
All machine operations are monitored and controlled state of the art industrial computers.
The computer controls motors, temperature, safety switches and other key operations automatically making any needed adjustments.
An operator control panel on the front of the machine allows the selection of pre-programmed modes of operation and display of equipment diagnostics and maintenance screens.
Should a problem occur the machine will alarm and tell the operator what has occurred and advise if repairs need to be made.

22. Biogos Models
The Biogos machines comes in various model sizes to fit your needs. The 500, and 1500 models are approximately the size of a standard 3 yard dumpster.
Specifications
GB500 Model
GB1000 Model
GB1500 Model
Height (A)
73"
Length (B)
70.75"
82"
Depth ©
54"
Capacity (per day)
500 lbs
1,000 lbs.
1,500 lbs.
Min. Power Requirements
240/220/208V, 3ph
Amperage 50 60
Agitator Motor
2 HP
Chopper Motor
N/A
3 HP
Weight (empty)
1,653 lbs.
1,943 lbs.
2,143 lbs.

23. Thank You… For Questions please contact: Biogreen Organic Solutions
Malena Bennett
Tel: (858)
George Bennett
Tel: (951)
Joseph Cartwright
Tel: (951)