1. IT 7210
MODALITY AND REDUNDANCY
CHAPTERS 6 & 7
Susan Giasson
WSU Fall 2014

2. Presenting words in audio form rather than
onscreen text can result in learning gains.
Gather the following ingredients for
your omelet, milk, cheese and eggs
MILK
CHEESE
EGGS

3. Use spoken rather than printed text to reduce the demands of visual processing.

4. The visual channel can become overloaded if both
Graphics, text and audio are included in the presentation. The result is redundancy
taking away from the learning process.

5. When the on screen text is the same as the narration it is redundant.
The learner may not pay complete attention to the graphics when
on screen text is redundant to the audio narration.

6. There are some exceptions to the Modality and Redundancy principles.
English language learners
Highly technical words
Limitations to recording audio for lessons
When no visuals are present audio and text can be redundant
The pace of the presentation is slow enough so that both text and audio can be processed
PSEUDOPSEUDOHYPOPARATHYROIDISM