1. The Skeleton
There are over 200 bones in the human skeleton
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3. The main functions of the skeleton are:
Movement
Protection
Support
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4. Movement
Or bones togethr with our muscles help our body to move about.
Our bones are joint together at joints!
Some can move, others can’t
When our muscles contract so do our bones
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5. Protection The skull protects the brain.
The rib-cage protects the heart and lungs.
Backbone protects our spinal chord – it is made up of 33 bones
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6. Support The bones in the human skeleton give our bodies a human form.
The bones of the skeleton act to keep the body upright and to give it shape.
Wothut a skeleton our bodies would collapse like a tent with no tent poles
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9. skull collarbone shoulder blade rib humerus vertebra radius pelvis
ulna
femur
fibula
tibia
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10. Joints The places where bones MEET together are called joints.
The function of joints is to allow movement

11. Types of joints: 1.Fused joints
In fused joints there is no movement between the bones that meet
Example: The adult skull
They are fused – locked together

12. 2. Hinge joints Hinge joints can only move in one direction
Example: the elbow
Like the hinge on a door

13. Ball and Socket joints
Ball and socket joints can move in all directions
Examples: The shoulders

14. What type of joints are found in the leg?

16. Inside moving joints
The ends of the bones are covered with cartilage and there is a liquid called synovial fluid.
BOTH of these things protect the bones against damage caused by friction (rubbing against each other)
Like high heels get wotn down
cartilage
synovial fluid

17. Ligaments are elastic fibres That connect bone to bone
Tendons are non elastic fibres that connect muscle to bone
Joints are the places in the body where two bones meet.

18. Muscles and joints When a muscle contracts it gets shorter
It pulls the bone by the tendon and the bone will move.
Muscle
Tendon

19. Bones and muscles of the arm
humerus
biceps
radius
ulna

20. How would YOU raise the arm?
humerus
biceps
radius
ulna

21. Were you right?
triceps relaxes
bone pulled upward

22. How would you lower the arm?
biceps
triceps
ulna
radius
humerus

23. Were you right?
biceps relaxes
bone pulled downward

24. Watch the muscles….

25. Watch the muscles….

26. Watch the muscles….

27. Watch the muscles….

28. Watch the muscles….

29. Watch the muscles….

30. Watch the muscles….

31. Can you locate the HINGE?

32. Can you locate the HINGE?

33. You are correct if you located it here

34. You are correct if you located it here
the hinge is where the bones are allowed to move about each other, raising and lowering the arm

35. Do you know an example? Muscles and joints
Antagonistic pairs are pairs of muscles that work together to move bones– when one muscle contracts the other relaxes
Do you know an example?