1. Command and Control for Border Protection
Johnny Chabalala
Saab South Africa

2. Scope
Discuss approached to Border control
C2 solutions for Border control

3. Training and Simulation integration for Command and Control
AIM
To discuss the use and benefits of Command and Control for border control
Training and Simulation integration for Command and Control 3

4. Border Control approaches
Conventional approach
Deploy maximum personnel to border areas
Manpower intensive
Costs can influence deployment numbers and duration
New approach
Deploy technological systems from appropriate role players and manage inputs for efficient and better border control and management
Minimises deployed human resources
Increase situational awareness to all levels and stake holders
Continuous tracking and monitoring of personnel and assets
Utilising training and simulation to improve operational effectiveness

5. Border control execution
Border control is not a one man show
Control of borders needs well planned and coordinated efforts on the part of all role players
Border Management Agency (BMA) is the custodian of the border control function but not the day to day executor
NATJOC will be the recipient of information from various sources (coordinating and planning function)
NATJOC will task relevant elements to act on incidents (planned and contingency operations/events)
Assets and personnel will be deployed efficiently as and when required

6. Use of command and control for border control
Use of command and control technologies will have the following advantages
Efficient utilisation of all resources
Provides real time situational awareness
Enhances the output of the commander in terms of situational awareness and decision making under stressful circumstances
Quick sharing of intelligence and information
Real time distribution of tasks
Is interoperable and integrated with training and simulation systems
It is the ultimate decision support tool
The commander uses these technologies to be able to command and control his human resources and material assets

7. Requirements for command and control
Standardise Command and Control
Standing Operating Procedures
Common Operational language
Common Operational planning process
Common Doctrine
Common Simulation and Training exercises
Create interfaces in cases where standardisation is not easily achieved due to
Cost
Difference in operations
Legacy system are still in use
Phased approach is used to achieve standardisation over time

8. Command and Control system
SCCS
C3S
Strategic
National
SCCS
C3S
MCCS
Operation
Provincial
C3S
FSLS
Tactical
Regional
eBodyGuard
Play

9. Force or assets location
Track assets and personnel on border duties
Position is relayed to a computer system in a mobile deployable control room
Position can be plotted and shown on a geographical map display

10. Mobile Command and Control
Mobile Command, Control, Communication & Information System
Comms sub-system also deployed on Patrol Boats to provide an integrated solution

11. Command & Control Capability
Capabilities
Command & Control Capability
Action Information System
Integrated Display of Patrol Boat & Radar Tracks
Radar Inputs
Tracks
Historical Trace of Tracks
Logging of Tracks (War Diary)
Basic Track Management
Display Common Map Formats
Communication Capability:
Voice and data connectivity via military and commercial radios
Data encryption and frequency hopping on tactical radio networks
Satellite Communication (via Broadband Global Area Network)
Wireless Networking (Internal Comms)
and Internet Access via Satellite Terminal

12. Deployment – Base Camp

13. Wireless Communication
VSAT
Remote access anywhere
Scalability in application
Quick to deploy
Aerostat
Flexible communications platform
Quick to deploy with low personnel requirement
Wimax
Point to multi-point radio network
Radio Network coverage up to 30 km
Extend content offering to outdoor and mobile environments
Offer fixed and mobile convergence (data and voice) services
Turn key services
Network engineering
Deployment services
Support Services

14. Wimax / VSAT network covering Military camp
VSAT Connected
To Satellite
Wimax Base Station
for communication coverage
CCTV Camera
Telephone and computer
Connected to network

15. Aerostat with Wimax and VSAT Backhaul

16. C4I AIR SOLUTIONS Surveillance Control & Air Defence System (SCAD)
Data
Voice
Intelligence for Ops System
Mission Ground Support Systems (Gripen, Hawk, Rooivalk)
Military Image Interpretation Computer System
Security Server
Intelligence Analysis (GARBEL Client)
Civil Air Movements Database
GARBEL Server
Air Tasking Order System
Recording & Playback System
Air Picture Display System
Sensors
(Radar, IFF, DF)
Military & Civilian
Static & Mobile
Ground Based Air Defense Systems (GBADS)
Remote Radio Sites
Aeronautical Fixed Telecommunications Network (AFTN)
Airborne Air Defense Systems
Radio Switch Network (RSN)
Surface Based Air Defense Systems
Air Picture Display System

17. Airborne surveillance
Surveillance aircraft fitted with AEW&C Mission System provides national security, meeting the threats in a changing world. These systems offers total control over air and sea.
The second slide presents the situation where the product would be used and the needs that it is designed to meet. It briefly explains why the product is the best solution for that need, outlines its key capabilities and highlights Saab’s strengths.
The information will be presented in a factual and concise manner so that there is a direct link between the requirement and the product. The reader should be able to identify with this and recognise that the product is the most effective way of dealing with this particular requirement or danger.
The text is supported by the ‘product in studio’ image or even a rotating 3D movie of the product.

18. Training and simulation
Training and simulation is a command responsibility
Combined training for all role players
Facilitate seamless integration (for various departments)
Mission rehearsal can improve efficiency, optimise operational and contingency plans and vastly reduce costly errors

19. Training and Simulation Capabilities
LIVE TRAINING
Embedded Training
Precision Gunnery & Skills
Tactical Training
Live fire Training
Drill Rounds
VIRTUAL TRAINING
Flight simulators
Weapon Training
Logistic Training
CONSTRUCTIVE TRAINING
Command and Staff Trainer
Embedded training
Surveillance Training
Crisis Management Training
CBT
AIR
Fighter education
Mission & support training
LAND
War fighter training
Radar & Surveillance Training
SEA
Command and Staff Trainer
CIVIL
First responder
Crises Management 19

20. Training – Total Capability Provider
Tactical situations
International /Joint environment
Rules of engagement
Other systems C2 etc
Combat techniques
Standard operating procedures
Increasing stress factor
Operations in special environments
Crew and commanders influence
Unit performing battle techniques
Performance under increased stress
Live fire
Weapon handling and knowledge
Firing techniques
Aiming procedures
Live fire
PAGE 20 20 20

21. CPX PROCEDURAL TRAINING USING SIMULATIONS
Exercise Control
Determine Desired Outcomes
Develop Script using Real Incidents
Control Exercise Tempo
Drive After Action Review
Simulation Control
Develop Simulation Solution
Simulate Required C4I Functions
Opposing Force Actions
Situational Awareness
Communication Links (Telephone, Intranet, etc..)
Integrate with existing C2 Systems
Training Audience
Operate in Real Environment, using real systems
All required Command, Control and Communication systems in place, be it real or simulated systems

22. Individual and Small Team Training using simulation
Individual Training
Shoot or don’t shoot (Minimum Force) scenario training, using virtual shooting ranges. Live Fire or Laser Fire Options.
Computer Based Training, testing required knowledge on the use of force, Law of Armed Conflict and required Area and Mission Specific Knowledge
Small Team (Integrated) Training
Live Fire Simulation Training (Using Blank Ammunition)
Force on Force Training
Use Real Weapons with Full Battle Kit
Operate in Real Environment
Wear Laser Receiving Jackets, With Laser Simulating Fire
As Close to Real Combat Situations As Possible: Still Safe

23. Command and control will ease use and control of deployed assets
Conclusion
Command and control will ease use and control of deployed assets
Role players will have access to information they require to perform their tasks
Command and control systems can include legacy systems
Command and control systems are available COTS/MOTS
C4IS is an essential element of Border control structure linking the Strategic level to the Tactical level for all components, military, police and civilian.
Training and Simulation as a command function prepares role players to perform tasks

24. Questions?
Thank You