1. Macroeconomic Reforms and Agriculture Policies in Developing Countries: CLIMATE VULNERABILITY ON FAMILIAR AGRICULTURE (Cases from Mexico and Argentina) Monica Wehbe Hallie Eakin

2. Environmental Stress Socio-Political Stress Livelihood Strategies
“Not only can the simultaneous impact of environmental and socio-political stress produce new circumstances of livelihood insecurity, but also the responses of farm systems to socio-political stress can alter their sensitivity to future climate impacts”
Environmental Stress Socio-Political Stress
Livelihood Strategies
Sensitivity Climate Impacts
Adaptive Capacity

3. How are broad-scale socioeconomic processes of change in Mexico and Argentina, translated into region and sector-specific policy and institutional reforms, affecting different types of farm systems and their capacities to adapt to climate variability and change?
Hypothesis:
Privatization AC (agriculture inputs, providers and services)
Market liberalization AC (trade openness and deregulation)
Cutting public expenditure AC (public research & extension services)
Entry of New Actors to the “new rules of the game” AC

4. Argentina (Reforms’ impacts)
Increasing need for technology;
Restructuring of productive and organizational processes;
Loss of income purchasing power;
Small & medium size family farmers driven out of business;
New productive agents, new ways of arranging production process and foreign investment;
New agriculture socio-productive structure.

5. Unequal Impacts:Family farmers after Reforms
More technology / Higher productivity;
Increasing production costs;
Greater reliance on commercial and technological means of risk management;
Increasing specialization in one commercial crop;
Less on & off-farm activities;
More need for non-farm activities;
Local economy

6. Implications for family farmers climate vulnerability
Production & Economy
Less economic margin for coping with adverse climate events
Cultivation on poor soils & areas highly exposed to climate variability
Loss of diversification at the household economy
More short-term and market concerns
Land rental
Increasing mono-cropping
Soil degradation/pollution/diseases
SENSITIVITY ADAPTIVE CAPACITY
VULNERABILITY

7. ↓ No.>40%
↑Size 45-74%
↓No.30-40%
↑Size 23-54%
↓No %
↑Size (-8)-47%
↓No. <20%
↑Size 2-24%

8. End of Presentation Thank you
Monitoring the relationships between macro-level policy, sector programs, environmental change and the differential capacities of particular populations to manage climate risk is a critical task for future research…
End of Presentation
Thank you